A secular State means in essence that the State will not make any discrimination whatsoever on the ground of religion or community against any person professing any particular form of religious faith. No particular religion in the State will be identified as State religion nor will it receive any State patronage or preferential status. The State will not establish any State religion; nor will the State accord any preferential treatment to any citizen or discriminate against him simply on the ground
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States of matter Four fundamental states: Solid - In a solid the particles (ions‚ atoms or molecules) are packed closely together. As a result‚ a solid has a stable‚ definite shape‚ and a definite volume. Solids can only change their shape by force‚ as when broken or cut. Liquid - A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. The volume is definite if the temperature and pressure are constant
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States of matter are the distinct forms that different phases of matter take on. Historically‚ the distinction is made based on qualitative differences in bulk properties. Solid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume and shape; liquid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume but adapts to the shape of its container; and gas is the state in which matter expands to occupy whatever volume is available. This diagram shows the nomenclature for the different phase transitions
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Equations of State (EoS) Equations of State • From molecular considerations‚ identify which intermolecular interactions are significant (including estimating relative strengths of dipole moments‚ polarizability‚ etc.) • Apply simple rules for calculating P‚ v‚ or T ◦ Calculate P‚ v‚ or T from non-ideal equations of state (cubic equations‚ the virial equation‚ compressibility charts‚ and ThermoSolver) ◦ Apply the Rackett equation‚ the thermal expansion coefficient‚ and the isothermal compressibility
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In the documentary‚ When Billy Broke His Head (2016)‚ we got to see into the lives of individuals who suffer from various disabilities. However‚ it didn’t seem to matter whether these individuals had a physical disability or a mental disability‚ they all seem to described the same struggles of‚ being denied services‚ difficulties finding a job (for those who are able to work)‚ and having to fill out form annually‚ if they wanted to remain on disability through the government. The only problem with
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“And I realize momma really paid the price she nearly gave her life to raise me right.” In hearing those words by the late Tupac Shakur in his song “Keep Ya Head Up”‚ I had a startling revelation: My mother was somebody and I had been taking her for granted. Immediately after the hearing that song I processed every lyric and applied it to my life. At that very moment I realized how important my mother really was and I stopped taking her for granted. This song had changed me forever. Growing
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Some contemporary Scholars like Quentin Skinner define the state today as "a locus of power distinct from either the ruler or the body of the body of the people." (Skinner‚ Foundations of Modern Political Thought‚ II‚ p.355). Yet‚ others would argue that the potency of the word "state" derives from the fact that it means both ruler and people. In other words‚ the state is at the same time loved for its promise of order and stability for the whole community and feared for its threat of coercion by
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Articles mainly talk about rise of state capitalism‚ its growth and actions of the government‚ the variations of state capitalism‚ benefits and flaws and its future. Rise of state capitalism In the recent years‚ following the biggest financial/economic crisis in 2007-2008 that destroyed Lehman Brothers‚ state capitalism grew to be more popular. State capitalism is basically profit making and seeking‚ with the government trying to match the powers of the state with the powers of capitalism. They
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Science 083S Investigation of Failed States & Democratic Intervention Failed states have been an issue in human society for many years. Today there are a total of 177 failed states‚ which is an all-time high. (Haken) Failed states are not only a terrible situation for the country itself‚ but for its neighboring countries as well. Some situations are worse than others‚ but for the most part they all share several factors that classify them as failed states. These factors include a severe economic
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applies to Bait-ul-maal‚ where Allah is sole master of this treasury while the caliphs are only the trustee of Bait-ul-Maal. In this sense the concept of Bait-ul-maal is different from the concept of public exchequer in un-Islamic systems. In an Islamic state Bait-ul-maal is Safeguarded and expenditures from it is made in the sense that it is a trust. Definition So how can we define bait-ul-maal? It is the place which is designed for keeping the spoils of war‚ charity‚ land tax and Jizyah (the tax which
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