contribution 0.0845 0.5634 0.3521 1.0000 0.0567 0.225 0.211 0.4927 Break-even ($) = ! [ !! !" !" !" ] = = $"#$‚!!! !.!"#$ $649‚482.44 (b) A firm is about to undertake the manufacture of a product‚ and is weighing three capacity alternatives: small job shop‚ large job shop‚ and repetitive manufacturing. The small job shop has fixed costs of $3‚000 per month‚ and variable costs of $10 per unit. The larger job shop has fixed costs of $12‚000 per month and variable costs of
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Problems for heat integration 1. The stream data extracted from a specified section of a chemical process are given in Table 1 below. Table 1: Stream Data Stream Supply Temperature TS (oC) Target Temperature TT (oC) Heat Duty (MW) No Type H1 H2 H3 C1 C2 Hot Hot Hot Cold Cold 150 40 130 150 50 30 40 100 150 140 7.2 10 3 10 3.6 You are required to perform a heat recovery analysis for the plant section stated above. Given the Tmin for the
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in this report is heat transfer in a concentric tube heat exchanger. A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat from a hot fluid to a colder fluid. Heat exchangers are widely used in the petroleum industry for various reasons. Some of the most important reasons are theta heat exchangers increase the process efficiency‚ conserve energy‚ reduce maintenance and provide employee safety among many other reasons. The main objectives of the lab study were to determine the heat transfer rate‚ the
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MP3003/AE3003 Heat Transfer Semester 1‚ AY 2012-2013 (9) Heat Exchangers by Assoc Prof Leong Kai Choong School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Read Chapter 11 of the textbook before these lecture slides © Dr. K.C. Leong‚ 2006 Lecture 2:Radiation & Conservation of Energy Requirement Learning Objectives At the end of these lectures‚ you should be able to: • recognise numerous types of heat exchangers‚ and classify them‚ • develop an awareness of fouling on surfaces‚ and determine
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Heat energy Temperature – measure of the average KE of the particles in a substance‚ measured in degrees Celsius or degrees Kelvin. Celsius 0⁰C (freezing point of water) to 100⁰C (boiling point of water) Kelvin 0 K (absolute zero‚ particles stop moving theoretically)‚ equivalent to -273.15⁰C. Uses the same scale for increase‚ ie. a 1⁰C increase in temperature equates to a 1K increase in temperature. Heat – amount of energy transferred‚ measured in Joules (J) Kinetic Energy‚ Thermal
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Capacity Planning Based on time horizon or duration it is viewed in three (i) Long-range Capacity Planning Time horizon is of more than one or two years. It is carried for productive resources which a long time. Long-range capacity planning requires participation and approval of top management personnel. (ii) Intermediate-range Capacity Planning It has a time horizon for 6 to 18 months. It may be varied by such alternative such as hiring off or laying off labour‚ purchasing or making new tools
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CAPACITY AND DEMAND Capacity management is the activity of coping with mismatches between supply and demand. Capacity is the ability an operation or process has to supply demand. Usually this means how many products or services it can produce over a period of time. It’s something that is a basic responsibility of operations managers in any kind of organization. Therefore‚ one of the first things that any manager must ask themselves is‚ what is the operation’s‚ or process’s‚ current capacity
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Heat Pump ------------------------------------------------- A heat pump can provide an alternative to using your air conditioner. * Heat pumps can supply heat‚ cooling‚ and hot water. * Your climate and site will determine the type of heat pump most appropriate for your home. For climates with moderate heating and cooling needs‚ heat pumps offer an energy-efficient alternative to furnaces and air conditioners. Like your refrigerator‚ heat pumps use electricity to move heat from a
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INTRODUCTION: Capacity building and Community Development models to formulate programs and projects that is not only sustainable but can also benefit the community in the long term with self-reliance and make a positive difference in community. There are different social and political ideologies and perspectives of community development‚ these ideologies and perspectives make different assumptions of how society functions and the need and level of interventions in the society (Ife‚ 1995‚ p 119)
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corporate intranet to help departments communicate effectively. The schedule for different departments to ‘go live’ on the intranet is set‚ and we have to purchase the appropriate servers‚ minimizing cost and making sure that the intranet has enough capacity to handle the employees that start using the intranet each month. I picked this case because it resembles the types of problems that I faced during my summer internship at The CocaCola Company. One of my responsibilities was to assist in the cost
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