Synthesis of Butyl Benzoate Using Phase Transfer Catalysis The objective of the experiment is to synthesize the butly benzoate by nucleophilic substitution and characterize it by IR spectroscopy. The percent yield of the final product is determined after the synthesis. Procedures: 2.0 mL of 1-bromobutane‚ 3.0 g of sodium benzoate‚ 5.0 mL of water‚ 4 drops of Aliquat 336‚ and a boiling stone were placed in a 50mL round-bottomed flask. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour and the flask
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Acid Base Titration Purpose: The purpose is to calculate the molarity of a NaOH solution by titrating the base with 5mL of standard HCl solution in each trial. By adding the base with unknown molarity to the acid with 0.10M the molarity of NaOH can be calculated. The base‚ NaOH‚ helps bring the pH of the acid‚ HCl‚ closer to seven‚ which neutralizes it. When using the buret the amount of NaOH used is able to be determined. Then by writing a balanced chemical equation and using the titration
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Gambit and Fluent: Turbulent Flow and Heat Transfer in a Mixing Elbow 1.Abstract This exercise comprises of two sections A and B‚ where in the first section an analysis in creating initial vertices will be carried out along with the creation of edges and faces‚ and the setting of boundary types. The program used for this phase of the investigation will be Gambit. These will then be generated into a mesh using Fluent. Moreover‚ section B will focus on the sensitivity to the computational mesh
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FOOD NUTRITION BASICS LABORATORY REPORT LAB 3 PROTEINS DUE DATE Next FNB Practical NAME (CAPITALS) ______________________________GROUP LETTER___________ This work is the product of my own efforts and has not been copied from any other sources except where full acknowledgement has been given. Signed________________________________________ Student No._____________ Introduction The principle involved in this experiment is denaturation. It involves loss of ordered structure and can be caused by changes
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simple mechanisms used to convert rotary motion into oscillating linear motion and vice-versa. The first of these is the slider-crank - a mechanism widely used in engines to convert the linear thrust of the pistons into useful rotary motion. In this lab we will measure the acceleration of the piston of a lawn mower engine at various speeds. The results exemplify a simple relation between speed and acceleration for kinematically restricted motions‚ which will discover. An adjustable slider-crank apparatus
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This lab has introduced the use of daphnia‚ pill bugs‚ amoeba and Uglena. We the AP Biology students were first introduced to the test subjects to test his or her capability of handling living organisms for upcoming science experiments. The AP Biology students were asked to create original experiments for all test subjects testing reactions to gravity‚ light intensity and reaction to food. Daphnia‚ or Daphnia magna‚ are microscopic organisms in which the students created an original lab to test
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conducted on 13th August 2008 in Machines Dynamics Laboratory. The experiment was conducted in groups of four‚ and was supervised by lecturer Mr. Mohd Azahari Johan. Conducting this experiment is for fulfilling the requirements of Applied Mechanics Lab (MEC 424). A pendulum is defined as body so suspended from a fixed point as to swing freely to and from by the alternate action of gravity and momentum. It is used to regulate the movements of clockwork and other machinery. Therefore‚ a compound
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the period of oscillations to the length of the pendulum.Sources of error for this procedure included precision in both length and time measurement tools‚ reaction time of the stopwatch holder‚ and the accuracy of the stopwatch with respect to the lab atomic clock. The final result of g takes into account the correction for the error introduced using the approximation. There are opportunities to correct for the effects of mass distribution‚ air buoyancy and damping‚ and string stretching[1]. Our results
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The Charge/Mass (e/m) Ratio of the Electron PHYS 0212: Introduction to Laboratory Physics Fall 2012 Abstract The experiment conducted demonstrated correlation between the charge and mass of an electron and the behavior of magnetic fields. The lab was divided into four parts. The first three parts were conducted with a compass that was used to locate the magnetic field lines around a bar magnet‚ a solenoid and then a pair of Helmholtz coils. As a result of these trials‚ our observations found
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Roy Levin Bio 11 Lab Dr.Izquierdo Analysis of Macromolecules in Tissue Homogenates of Bos taurusMaterials and Methods The homogenates provided were made by homogenizing tissues in a sucrose phosphate buffer in a 1:20 ratio. The protein concentration in bovine cells was measured by diluting the homogenate with a 1:5 ratio; 50 microliters of homogenate and 200 microliters of water. Then 5 known protein concentration samples which were 0.4‚ 0.8‚ 1.2‚ 1.6‚ 2.0 mg/ml of bovine serum were used to
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