Yen will cause a portion of GM’s market share to be eaten by Japanese automakers‚ then erode the profit of GM and further decrease GM’s market value. * Besides the reason of competitive exposure‚ it is also because GM has other kinds of foreign currency exposures that make GM worry about the level of Yen. The first one is that GM has a Yen commercial exposure‚ which includes net receivables of $900 million. Depreciation in Yen would devalue the receivables. The second one is that GM has a invest
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CHAPTER 24 DERIVATIVES AND RISK MANAGEMENT Please see the preface for information on the AACSB letter indicators (F‚ M‚ etc.) on the subject lines. True/False Easy: (24.1) Risk management FP Answer: a EASY 1. One objective of risk management can be to reduce the volatility of a firm’s cash flows. a. True b. False (24.4) Swaps FP Answer: b EASY 2. Interest rate swaps allow a firm to exchange fixed for floating-rate payments‚ but a swap cannot reduce
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may offer(International Finance Study Guide‚ 2013) 2) Currency exchange risks occur as the exchange rates fluctuate every second throughout the day. MNCs often deal with large transactions in which they may need to pay or receive large sums of money within certain period of time‚ exchange rate fluctuations are crucial as they may affect the company’s earning greatly(Ayse‚ 2013). a) Transaction Risks This is the most common type of risks faced by the MNCs. MNCs deals with account receivables
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Introduction To establish a business in another country‚ you need to analyse different aspects of the country such as culture‚ economy‚ politics‚ demographic data‚ and financial. All this is to be able to learn more about the country and to find out if it is risky or safe enough. During the late 18th and 19th centuries‚ Great Britain established colonies and protectorates in the area of current Malaysia; these were occupied by Japan from 1942 to 1945. In 1948‚ the British ruled territories
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Annual Report 2011 An overview Operating result (EBIT) Figures in EUR million 1‚142.5 1‚177.9 928.0 841.4 819.9 732.1 1‚200 800 600 538.8 470.9 1‚000 400 148.1 91.6 200 0 20021 20031 20041 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20102 Group net income (loss) 2011 Figures in EUR million 733.7 721.7 800 748.9 606.0 514.4 354.8 267.2 700 600 500 400 279.9 300 200 49.3 20021 20031 20041 2005 100 (127.0) 2006 2009 2007 2010 2011 0 2008 Policyholders’ surplus Figures
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POINT/COUNTER-POINT: Should Speculators Use Currency Futures or Options? POINT: Speculators should use currency futures because they can avoid a substantial premium. To the extent that they are willing to speculate‚ they must have confidence in their expectations. If they have sufficient confidence in their expectations‚ they should bet on their expectations without having to pay a large premium to cover themselves if they are wrong. If they do not have confidence in their expectations‚ they
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Initially‚ the VaR has been anticipating to quantify the available risks in derivatives markets‚ but it has grown widely and it has now been applied in measuring all kinds of risks‚ primarily credit and market risks. It also developed from a tool that quantifies risk to a tool that is applied in active risk management. Today VaR has shifted beyond application in financial institutions. In the beginning‚ companies with largely exposed to financial markets used other kinds of activities before spreading
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Risks in Banking |Banking‚ by its nature‚ entails taking a wide array of risks. Banking supervisors need to understand these risks and be satisfied that banks| |are adequately measuring and managing them. The key risks faced by banks are discussed below. | |Credit risk | |The extension of loans is the primary activity of
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- Discussion Paper - Financial Risk Mitigation in Insurance - Time for Change The Chief Risk Officer Forum Risk Mitigation Working Group Copyright © 2006 Chief Risk Officer Forum 1 - Discussion Paper - Preface The Chief Risk Officer Forum is delighted to be presenting the study “Financial Risk Mitigation in Insurance – Time for Change”. The Chief Risk Officer Forum comprises risk officers of the major European insurance companies and financial conglomerates‚ and was formed to address
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with no central location. A dealer market with no central location is referred to as an over-the-counter market. They are largely unregulated markets and each contract is with a counterparty‚ which may expose the owner of a derivative to default risk (when the counterparty does not honor their commitment). Some options trade in the over-the-counter market‚ notably bond options. LOS 1.b: Contrast forward commitments and contingent claims. A forward commitment is a legally binding promise to
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