1/16/2013 Law and Psychology Differing Assumptions Law rational man free will hedonistic underpinning moral underpinning The law presumes people are rational. Hedonism - maximize pleasure‚ avoid pain Some Major Thinkers Locke “Good and evil‚ reward and punishment‚ are the only motives to a rational creature: these are the spur and reins whereby all mankind are set on work‚ and guided.” Bentham Principle of utility‚ which approves of an action in o far as an action has an overall
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In this paper‚ I will argue for the truth of utilitarianism. In my opinion‚ the most interesting version of utilitarianism is hedonistic utilitarianism. It is the most interesting because it defies logic and rationale in favor of impulsion decision making. Hedonistic utilitarianism is the most interesting version because it is tied more intrinsically into the wellbeing of an organism‚ specifically humans‚ than any other alternatives of utilitarianism. Other forms of utilitarianism are wide-ranging
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instrumental value. Intrinsic goods; good because of their nature. Value of human life because of its nature‚ value justice. Instrumental goods; good because of what it can do or get us‚ help us get other things that we desire. Health has both Hedonism‚ pleasure of good Hedonistic Paradox If you want happiness don’t aim for it. Put up with the bad to get the long term good. Are values objective or subjective? Plato: good have value independent of human. Objective/everything will still
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Utilitarianism Bentham’s Act Utilitarianism Bentham was very concerned with the social conditions of his day‚ particularly with hospitals and prisons. He tried to develop a moral theory which benefited society. Bentham argued in favour of: individual and economic freedom the separation of church and state freedom of expression equal rights for women the end of slavery the abolition of physical punishment the right to divorce free trade usury the decriminalization of homosexual acts
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No. 1 Hedonism (Greek: hēdonē (ᾑδονή from Ancient Greek) "pleasure" +–ism) is a philosophical position that takes the pursuit of pleasure as the primary motivating element of life‚ based upon a view that "pleasure is good" i.e. pleasure has an ultimate importance and is the most important pursuit of humanity. The concept of pleasure is‚ however‚ understood and approached in a variety of ways‚ and hedonism is classified accordingly. The three basic types of philosophical hedonism are psychological
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Relating the pleasures during experiences‚ Mill thinks this method can’t be applied. A better way to arrange his arguments and scrutinize them is dealing with them as overall experiences instead of finding means to value on every instance the particular pleasures. In evaluating pleasures‚ the 5th element is to study the pleasures that result from the specifically human faculties qualitatively higher to those from animal appetites‚ but it’s practically hard to gather proofs. Mill here has 2 categorizations
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state is the most pleasurable of all‚ not merely some intermediate state between pleasure and pain. Epicurus thinks that if one could banish the fear of God and death‚ then one can face the future with confidence and his desires will be satisfied. Hedonism is what many of us think of when we hear Epicurus’ theory of pleasure‚ but Ataraxia‚ the experience of
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The Ethos of Happiness? Ethical theory revolves around the notion of the most final good. This concept originates with Aristotle who argues that if our pursuit of ‘good’ is to make sense‚ there must be a most final good. A good is most final if it is chosen for its own sake and not for the sake of anything beyond itself. Two other constraints that Aristotle puts on the highest good is that it is to be self-sufficient and most desirable. The Hellenistic philosophers add another constraint
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Utilitarianism is a teleological theory in normative ethics‚ this essentially means that the theory is one in which looks at the consequences of an action to determine if it is right or wrong. The theory of Utilitarianism mainly derives from the concept of utility which in this context is defined as something which is beneficial or conducive to the well-being of the maximum number. There are two main scholars of Utilitarianism‚ one of which is Jeremy Bentham and who is regarded as the founder of
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References: 1) Nietzsche‚ F. "On the Genealogy of Morals‚" in Basic Writings of Nietzsche‚ Peter Gay (ed)‚ The Modern Library‚ 2000. 2) Soll‚ I. “Nietzsche on Cruelty‚ Asceticism and the Failure of Hedonism‚” in Nietzsche‚ Genealogy‚ Morality‚ R. Schact (ed)‚ University of California Press‚ 1994.
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