Cited: Mill‚ Stuart‚ John. "Utilitarianism." Applying Ethics‚ A Text with Readings 1(2008): 40- 45. Warren‚ Anne‚ Mary. "On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion." Applying Ethics‚ A Text with Readings 1(2008): 155-166.
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"EXPLAIN HOW UTILITARIANISM MIGHT USE THE HEDONIC CALCULUS IN MAKING MORAL DECISIONS" REFERENCE TO AN ETHICAL ISSUE. Utilitarianism is a non religious ethic‚ and is based on the greatest good for the greatest number and takes into account the greatest happiness principle. Jeremy Bentham put forward the idea of Utilitarianism and the "Principle of Utility"‚ this is the rule where a decision regarding wether an action is good or bad is based upon the results they produce. He took many things into
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Act Utilitarianism. His version of Utilitarianism is referred to as ’Act’ Utilitarianism because it states that the principle of utility should be applied to every act performed in each unique situation. Any act is justifiable if it produces ’the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number’. By the principle of utility Bentham meant the ’usefulness’ of a situation. The principle states that we should aim to achieve ’the greatest happiness for the greatest number’. Act Utilitarianism depends
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Explain the main differences between Act and Rule Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is a theory‚ which first became widely acknowledge when it was adopted by its greatest advocate Jeremy Bentham. It is a theory that maintains that it is an action’s total consequence that determines its moral correctness. It is a theory not concerned with the effects of the action on the individual carrying out the action‚ but instead the effect it has on everybody affected by the action. It also maintains that it is
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“Is the ‘philosophy of swine’ objection a telling criticism of Utilitarian theory? Why or why not?” Philosophy of swine. This was mentioned by Mill criticizing Bentham’s utilitarianism. Before looking at Mill’s criticism‚ historical background of the birth of utilitarianism should be discussed ahead. Utilitarianism arose in the Industrial Revolution period. As nations became industrialized in the eighteenth century‚ bourgeois: an industrial middle class‚ appeared demanding new political and
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Critically examine how ethical theories approach issues surrounding pornography There are many ethical theories which can be applied to the ethics concerning pornography however I believe the easiest ethical theories for giving a clear cut between what is acceptable and what is not are the absolutist theories or the ones with Absolutist rules such as Kantian Ethics or Natural Moral Law. Pornography is a form of media which is sexually stimulating for the observer. The ethical situations surrounding
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SKEPTICISM PHILOSOPHY Skepticism: • It comes from the Greek word skeptikoi which means “seekers” or “inquirers.” • It refers to the critical attitude wherein a man questions different things including the well-known absolute truth or knowledge. • Note that skepticism (philosophical that is) should be contrasted with philosophical dogmatism wherein the latter is the direct opposite of the former. Philosophical dogmatism refers to an attitude wherein a man believes to have absolute
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Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is a philosophical theory that believes that right thing to do comes from a measurement of the amount of pleasure over the amount of pain‚ and decides that the right thing to do results in what will be the greatest pleasure for the majority of the group. In other words by calculating happiness you will be able to decide what the right thing to do is as long as it is right for the majority of the people. This seems as if it will only help the people that agree on the
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Utilitarianism says that the result or the consequence of a particular act is the real measure of whether is it positive or negative. This theory enforces emphasises on the phrase “ends over means” and is therefore‚ a consequentialist ethical theory. Despite this‚ Utilitarianism may be interpreted differently or in another form‚ e.g. such as “Rule utilitarianism”‚ which is represented by the two different interpretations of utilitarianism by two consequentialists; John Stuart Mills (Rule utilitarianism)
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Utilitarianism‚ by John Stuart Mill‚ is an essay written to provide support for the value of utilitarianism as a moral theory‚ and to respond to misconceptions about it. Mill defines utilitarianism as a theory based on the principle that "actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness‚ wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness." Mill defines happiness as pleasure and the absence of pain. He argues that pleasure can differ in quality and quantity‚ and that pleasures
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