BCH 3023 – Fall 2008 Final Exam‚ 12/8/2008 Name: _________________________________ 1. The GTP analog‚ ‚-imidoguanosine 5’-triphosphate (Gpp(NH)p)‚ shown below‚ cannot be hydrolyzed between the and phosphates. Predict the effect of microinjection of Gpp(NH)p of G-protein coupled signaling. O N NH O O H N P OO O P OH OH OH O H N N NH2 - O P O- O H H a. Gpp(NH)p is a substrate for adenylate cyclase and‚ thus‚ will decrease the intracellular concentration of
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of nitrogen-based "rings." Hydrogen bonds determine which nitrogenous bases can pair together. A total of 10 pairs of nucleotides are included in each complete "turn" of the double helix. The outer surface contains two sugar phosphate backbones The distance between the nitrogenous base pair "rungs" of the helix is about 0.34nm. 2. In the Meselson-Stahl experiment bacteria grown in heavy nitrogen (N15) were transferred to light nitrogen (N14) and the density of the DNA monitored over
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three billion chemical base pairs in a DNA strand. The full set of the information present in the form of the genes in living organism then forms its genome. Each individual person has twenty three pairs of chromosomes by having the DNA of ours double helix in each‚ all being different from the other person. The Project is a worldwide project with the efforts and with the goal to study and analyze the structure of human DNA by determining the location of the estimated one hundred thousand human genes
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The Action of Naturally Occurring Toxins and Medicines It is important to classify toxins and medicines (drugs) in order to understanding the mechanism and function of each one of them. By doing so‚ it is also possible to increase their values by altering their mechanism (e.g. converting toxins to drugs) to cure diseases and improve human health. Therefore in this review‚ the mode of action of several toxins and drugs as well as their effects on human body will be discussed. 1. Cobratoxin Cobratoxin
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Food technology FOOD QUALITY: * FOOD HANDINLING & STORAGE: 1. Food poisoning: * Incorrectly ‚ handled or stored is potentially fatal * Food poisoning – occurs when becoming sick after eating food that is poisonous. * Symptoms: * Nausea‚ vomiting‚ stomach cramps‚ severe- double vision. Paralysis. * FOOD DOES NOT HAVE TO LOOK OR TASTE BAD TO BE CONTAMINATED. * Bacteria are single cell organisms‚ rapidly in right conditions. * Bacteria grow and multiply
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secondary‚ tertiary and quaternary. Level one( Primary) deals with amino acid sequencing and connecting the amino acids together to form a polypeptide chain. Level two(secondary) coil or folds the polypeptide chain and in the process will creates a-helix/b-pleated sheets due to hydrogen bonding when folded/coiled. Level three (Tertiary) is when the polypeptide chain are folded into a 3-D structure and stabilized by the interactions of the R groups. The 3-D structure shape will affect the function
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The establishment of the BISCAST Laboratory Science and Technology Park (BISCAST SCITECHLAB Park) will provide this connectivity. Existing centers like: Center for Applied Science‚ Technology Innovation & Commercialization; and Regional Business Resource Center will form part of the BISCAST SCITECHLAB Park to focus on the research activities‚ incubation‚ patents and commercialization aspect. New centers will be created to support instructions as well as researches like Digital Fabrication and Manufacturing
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Protein Structure on a Tertiary Level The third of four levels of protein structure is the tertiary level. The primary level are strands of the 20 amino acids‚ the secondary level are alpha helix and beta pleats‚ the tertiary level are a combination of helix‚ pleats‚ and bends‚ and the quaternary level involves multiple polypeptide bonds. The tertiary level is a three dimensional level that allows the protein to be fluid and move and make up the R group in the protein structure. There are four
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bond has to usually do with C-S-C. A sulfide bond is created by two thiol groups. Below is a picture inserted of both a peptide bond and a sulfide bond. 2. Give an example of the amino acids in a protein that you would expect to form an alpha helix and not a beta pleated sheet. (Name at least 3 different amino acids) The amino acids that I would expect to
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Objectives After studying this Unit‚ you will be able to • define the biomolecules like carbohydrates‚ proteins and nucleic acids; • classify carbohydrates‚ proteins‚ nucleic acids and vitamins on the basis of their structures; • explain the difference between DNA and RNA; • appreciate the role of biomolecules in biosystem. Biomolecules “It is the harmonious and synchronous progress of chemical reactions in body which leads to life”. 14 Unit A living system grows‚ sustains and reproduces
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