The heart is a hollow muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the blood vessels to various parts of the body by repeated‚ rhythmic contractions. It is found in all animals with a circulatory system‚ which includes the vertebrates. The adjective cardiac means "related to the heart" and comes from the Greek καρδιά‚ kardia‚ for "heart". Cardiology is the medical speciality that deals with cardiac diseases and abnormalities. The vertebrate heart is principally composed of cardiac muscle and connective
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Drugs.com). In Rxlist.com (2012) it is stated‚ lactic acidosis is a rare‚ but serious‚ complication that can occur due to metformin accumulation. The risk increases with conditions like renal impairment‚ sepsis‚ dehydration‚ excess alcohol intake‚ hepatic impairment‚ and acute congestive heart failure. The onset is often subtle‚ with symptoms such as malaise‚ myalgias‚ respiratory distress‚ increasing somnolence‚ and nonspecific abdominal distress. Laboratory abnormalities include low pH‚ increased
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|LIVER | Caudo ~ Cranial (CC) length = < 17 cm Right Lobe Caudo ~ Cranial (CC) length = < 16 cm Anterio ~ Posterior (A ~ P) length = < 16 cm Left Lobe Width = < 11 cm Anterio ~ Posterior (A ~ P) length = < 7 cm Caudate Lobe Caudo ~ Cranial (CC) length = < 8 cm (5 ~ 8 cm) Anterio ~ Posterior (A ~ P) length = < 2.5 cm (2.0 ~ 2.5 cm) Caudate
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Hepatitis C Infection: Disease Management Considerations Agenda • US Prevalence of Hepatitis C Infection • Risk Factors and Disease Progression • Treatment Goals • Barriers to Treatment • Summary 2 Hepatitis C Infection Is the Most Common Chronic Blood-Borne Infection in the US • Accounts for up to two-thirds of newly diagnosed chronic liver disease cases1‚2 • Contributes to significant morbidity (cirrhosis‚ liver failure‚ liver cancer)‚ extrahepatic complications‚ and
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research indicates it is autosomal dominat and their are four novel loci associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus‚ SLC30A8 gene‚ TCF7L2 gene‚ a gene that encodes for an insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE)‚ the homeodomain protein HHEX‚ which is essential for hepatic and pancreatic development‚ and a kinesin-interacting factor‚ KIF11. More research is needed to discover the full implicates of the KIF11 and HHEX genes. (Patis‚ 2007). The most interesting of the variants so far is in the TCF7L2 gene. Using
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blood. The higher the water content higher the pressure and volume of the blood. 11. The blood will flow into the portal system through the first set of capillaries‚ with a portal system there are two sets‚ through an artery then into the next capillary bed. After entering this second set of capillaries it drains by the way of a venule. It then drains into the venous circulation. 12. The body would sense the blood loss and it would trigger the heart to increase the heart rate and the blood vessels
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GI Terminologies Visceral pain; dull poorly localized pain Somatic pain; sharp pain‚ well localized Referred pain; pain experience at a distance from disease process Fetor hepaticus; sweet fecal odor caused by hepatic failure Feculent breath; foul fecal odor caused by severe bowel obstruction Severe halitosis; foul breath odor can be caused by poor dental hygience or neoplasms or esophagus and stomach Jaundice; yellowish discoloration of skin caused by high bilirubin level associated with
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reaching the intestines for fat digestion. A young patient with chronic cholestasis might cause the physician to consider a more common hepatic disease called Biliary Atresia. The distinctive features of Biliary Atresia are the abnormal growth of the extra-hepatic bile ducts (common bile duct and common hepatic duct)‚ in contrast to Alagille Syndrome’s abnormal intra-hepatic bile ducts. [9]. Alagille Syndrome can be effectively distinguished from Biliary Atresia in a child with suspected liver
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technically difficult with some limitations due to overlying leads. Large right pleural effusion identified. Gallbladder is visualized. No obvious gallstones or gallbladder wall thickening. Only short portions of the common hepatic duct and common bile duct are visualized. Common hepatic duct measures 3.6 mm‚ and common bile duct measures 5.2 mm. These values are within normal limits. There is limited assessment of the liver‚ which is grossly unremarkable. IMPRESSION: Gallbladder ultrasound with limitations
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Side Effects of Oral Antidiabetic Agents Sulfonylureas are associated with weight gain and hypoglycemia.(35) Sulphonylureas should be avoided where possible in severe hepatic impairment and in acute porphyria . They should not be used during pregnancy or breast-feeding .Sulphonylureas are contra-indicated in the presence of ketoacidosis.(36) Biguanides is associated with a low frequency of lactic acidosis. Biguanides major side effects are seen in the gastrointestinal tract‚ with nausea‚ cramps‚
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