IMRT and VMAT have many dosimetric and clinical benefits when compared to 3DCRT. IMRT and VMAT are techniques where the radiation dose can be delivered more precisely to the tumour. In comparison to 3DCRT‚ the dose can be escalated so that the tumour will receive a higher dose and normal tissues will receive a lower dose. Because 3DCRT does not modulate as precisely to the tumour‚ the patient can be at risk of a large amount of normal tissue receiving a higher dose of radiation. This will result
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particular event (Birth of Christ). Modern temporal understanding is that of “Homogenous‚ empty time”. Modern time is structured‚ divided and measured in units by calendars and clocks. The homogeneity of time led to the rise of the phenomenon of simultaneity that played an important part in rising national
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imperfectly imitable resource to Harlequin that provides a sustainable competitive advantage. Continuing romantic fiction novels will allow Harlequin to continue to use its’ existing distribution channels. Harlequin’s distribution is a resource heterogeneity that is valuable and rare providing a temporary competitive advantage. Harlequin distributes through supermarkets‚ mass merchandisers‚ and drugstores with contracts that provide a competitive advantage through predicting sales and returns that
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NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES RICARDO ’S THEORY OF COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE: OLD IDEA‚ NEW EVIDENCE Arnaud Costinot Dave Donaldson Working Paper 17969 http://www.nber.org/papers/w17969 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge‚ MA 02138 April 2012 We thank Pol Antràs‚ Chang-Tai Hsieh‚ and Esteban Rossi-Hansberg for comments and Meredith McPhail and Cory Smith for excellent research assistance. This paper has been prepared for the 2012 American Economic Review
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cultural backgrounds also can be effectively treated if organizations could listen and take advantage from the experience and knowledge possessed by employees with diverse cultural background. The second factor is creativity and performance from heterogeneity. It is stated in the article that workforce diversity could enhance creativity in problem solving among the employees. This is because diverse groups usually generates different kind of solutions for different types of problems and therefore the
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The author starts the article off by claiming “the glass ceiling metaphor‚ a framework of the 1980s‚ constructs discrimination processes in a particular way in particular organizational frame works.” (Bendl) Using a procedure of metaphor evaluation to examine the glass ceiling metaphor to determine whether it continues to exist and be useful in economic contexts. The authors then analyze the recent “firewall” metaphor for its usefulness for constructing discrimination in organizations. Which the
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The author’s central assumption is that‚ albeit symptoms characteristic of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been noted in military personnel for many centuries‚ it was not until 1980 that the disorder was formally recognized and became the focus of legitimate study. The central problem addressed in this study is that after three decades of research a definitive answer regarding the prevalence of PTSD in the military is still lacking. One key concept supporting the argument is including that
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approach to landscape ecology is based on a model that assumes poor ecological quality in the human-dominated matrix‚ a review of recent literature reveals important opportunities to improve the quality of the landscape matrix by increasing spatial heterogeneity through the addition of seminatural landscape elements designed to provide multiple ecosystem services. Taken alone‚ these individual elements might not appear to have a large impact on the environment‚ but when considered together within the entire
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Introduction and background Tornadoes are among the most destructive natural hazards to human life and property. In the United States‚ approximately 1‚253 tornadoes occur every year (NCDC 2015) causing an average of 50 fatalities per year and $400 million in annual economic losses (Brooks and Doswell 2000; Boruff et al. 2003; Brooks and Dotzek 2008). In recent years‚ significant advances have been made toward understanding and measuring the atmospheric factors influencing tornado genesis (Brooks
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Describe and critique Moffitt’s (1993) developmental taxonomy. Moffitt (1993) proposed the developmental taxonomy theory of offending behaviour as an attempt to explain the developmental processes that lead to the shape of the age crime curve. Moffitt proposed that there are two primary types of antisocial offenders in society. First the Adolescent Limited Offender who exhibits antisocial behaviour only during adolescence‚ and secondly‚ the Life-Course-Persistent offender‚ who behave in an antisocial
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