Analysis of Hydrocarbons Myra Gurango‚ Geneva Guy‚ Micah Hernandez* and Joyce Lagarde Department of Chemistry‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract The organic compounds hexane‚ toluene‚ cyclohexene and naphthalene in hexene were subjected to parallel chemical testing to differentiate their intrinsic physical properties in terms of structure and behavior. The physical state and color were noted by simple physical observation. Nitration Testing was conducted for preliminary
Free Benzene Hydrocarbon Hexane
which are Hexane‚ Eugenol‚ Unknown hydrocarbon 1‚ Unknown hydrocarbon 2‚ and Acetylene gas was used for the selective reactivity of hydrocarbons to functional group tests; Bayer’s test‚ Bromine test light‚ Bromine test dark‚ and Tollen’s test. In Bayer’s test‚ only Acetylene‚ Eugenol and Unknown hydrocarbon 2 reacted positively and the rest retain the purplish color of KMnO4. On the other hand‚ the five compounds in Bromine test with light reacted positively. In Bromine test dark‚ Hexane and Unknown
Premium Hydrocarbon Alkene Functional group
= 0.1573 g alcoholTheoretical yield = 0.3999 g vanillin x (154.17 g alcohol/152.15 g vanillin) = 0.4052gPercentage yield = (actual yield/theoretical yield) x 100%= 0.1573 g alcohol/ 0.4052 g alcohol = 38.8%Solvent system chosen = ethyl acetate and hexane in 9:1 ratioMelting point range of alcohol #1 = 108oC -109oCObservationWhen the NaOH was added to the aldehyde #1‚ the solution turned yellowish green. It took 10 minutes for the white solid NaBH4 to completely dissolve in the aldehyde solution. When
Premium Solvent Chemistry Alcohol
ethanol are given below. a. 5.) You need to perform a recrystallization using a mixed-solvent system. Which of the ff. solvents could not be used as a solvent airs for the experiment? Explain your selection. Hexane and water. A mixed solvent must contain two miscible solvents‚ in which hexane and water are not. 6.) What are the advantages/disadvantages of mixed solvent recrystallization over single solvent recrystallization? Heating is not required when using mixed solvent crystallization‚ but
Premium Solvent Filter paper Ethanol
is in which way carbon atoms are connected. It can be classified as either a chain aliphatic hydrocarbon or a cyclic hydrocarbon. Chain aliphatic hydrocarbons are compounds that are linked either in a single or branched chain. An example of this is hexane (single chain) and 3-methylhexane (branched). Cyclic hydrocarbons have carbon atoms linked in a closed polygon or a ring and an example is a cyclohexane. Another way to classify hydrocarbons depends on the type of bonding that exists between the
Premium Hydrocarbon Carbon Petroleum
This form can be used for reporting analyses of volatile organic compounds‚ semi-volatile‚ petroleum hydrocarbons‚ PCBs‚ pesticides‚ herbicides‚ and other organics. Page 1 of 3: Analytical Result A. Header Information 1. After "Project No:"‚ enter the client’s project number (from cover page 1). This number is required on every page of the report. 2. After "METHOD"‚ enter the analytical method used. (e.g.‚ EPA 8260‚ or EPA method 8021). 3. After "REPORTING UNIT"‚ enter the appropriate
Premium Benzene Volatile organic compound Analytical chemistry
First‚ we have our observation of hexane through its boiling ranges‚ which we observed to be around 87 to 89 degrees Celsius. It ranged from about 77 degrees in fraction 1 to about 89 degrees in the fraction 10. Next‚ the toluene stayed relatively the same temperature throughout the first 6 fractions at around 69 degrees and then drastically shot up to 100 degrees by the end of fraction 10. This is due to hexane having a lower boiling point and being able to steadily increase through each fraction
Premium Distillation
In experiment 5‚ distillation method was used to divide hexane and toluene from a mixture (50:50) of hexane and toluene. Hexane was separated from toluene and was observed from the gas chromatography‚ it showed that hexane increased from 0.0.873 to 0.886 moles. Once the mixture of toluene and hexane hit 70 degrees in the experiment‚ the distillate was used for the gas chromatography. Hexane was higher in the distillate stage. The first drop of condensation appeared at 79°C. The volume of the distillate
Premium Distillation Evaporation Water
Pigments were first extracted from tomato paste by a 50/50 mixture of acetone/hexanes; these miscible molecules act together as one organic solvent. Pigments choose the organic layer over the tomato paste with water‚ which allowed for their extraction. K2CO3 is an ionic base that was added to deprotonate the citric acid. The ionic product of the reaction in figure 3 now prefers the aqueous layer‚ which serves to wash the pigments of the acidic impurity. Saturated NaCl pulls any water into the
Premium Water Chemistry Solvent
solution turned to a darkish green color. After the 30 minutes were up the heating mantle was immediately removed and N2 was turned on until the solution cooled to room temperature. The solution was washed with 15 mL of hexane via vacuum filtration and then another 5 mL of hexane was added to wash the solution. About 20 mL of CH2Cl2 was used to purify the crude
Premium Distillation Water Liquid