MARKETING Session III: Pricing Policy Question I: Why is pricing policy so important in the marketing mix of a product ? What is pricing? Pricing is the process of determining what a compagny will receive in Exchange for its products. Pricing strategy is important for several aspects in the compagny wich are: Survival : short-term objectives are set in order to survive Profit :the objective is to maximise profits Return on investment : prices are set to attain a specified return on
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monthly industry publication‚ we can know that in 2009‚ 35‚612 supermarkets were in business in the United States‚ which accounted for 54.5% of food item sales by grocery stores including supercenters and warehouse outlets. Convenience stores had 31.9% of sales‚ and wholesale clubs had11.5% of sales. So‚ supermarkets overall account for more than half of all food sales. Market definition In general‚ we believe that a supermarket is a large comprehensive retail store that sells a wide variety
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three channels to meet consumers’ specific needs. Channel 1: Supa IGA - Large format stores‚ carrying a comprehensive supermarket range. These store primarily cater to shoppers who wish to purchase all their grocery and fresh food requirements in one location. ‘A one stop shop’ with a strong value proposition. Channel 2: IGA -Medium format stores‚ carrying a mid-sized supermarket range. These stores are primarily Neighborhood stores catering to shoppers who purchase fewer items‚ but do so more
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1. Pricing decisions Factors to consider when setting prices All profit organizations and many non profit organizations must set prices on their products or services. Simply defined‚ price is the amount of money charged for a product or service. More broadly‚ price is the sum of the values consumers exchange for the benefits of having or using the product or service. A company ’s pricing decisions are affected both by internal company factors and by external environmental factors. These factors
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CASE IN POINT - SAfeway supermarket Safeway Company has policies that require employees to smile at and make eye contacts with customers. Most of the customers would view this kind of facial gestures as a friendly way of doing business‚ but some customers might misunderstand them as a “flirt”. Twelve employees had filed complaints about this “Superior Service” policy and found it unethical for the company to have undercover shoppers to spot if there is any violator. This led to Union to get involved
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. Pricing Strategies: 1. Penetration Pricing: This pricing strategy is followed by companies with the intention to maximize their market share. They believe that a higher sales volume will lead to lower unit costs & higher long-run profit. Example: China Mobile Phones in India.This is one of the fastest growing industries in India. China mobile phones are cheap and offer the same features as a expensive mobile from some other well known manufacturer few samples of Chinese mobiles are shown
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Selecting a Pricing Method 3 major considerations in price setting : costs of production‚ distribution‚ communication set a floor to the price competitors’ prices and the price of substitutes provide an orienting point customers’ assessment of unique features establishes the price ceiling (plafond) Companies select a pricing method that includes 1 or more of these three considerations. We will examine 6 price-setting methods: Mark-up pricing‚ target-return pricing‚ perceived-value
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PRICING METHODOLOGY Pricing methods adopted by an organization determines the values attached to its products. Pricing determinant can be Internal or External. An Internal pricing determinant is one that is controlled by the marketer while the external is not controllable by the marketer. We shall be considering the following types of pricing models: PRICE DISCRIMINATION: Price discrimination is the practice of setting a different price for the same product in different segments to the market.
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Pricing Strategies Ryan W. MKT 441 February 23‚ 2006 5 Pricing Strategies In this paper‚ I will cover five different pricing strategies used‚ by retailers and manufacturers‚ to sell their products. I will demonstrate how pricing products according to one of the five pricing strategies chosen works effectively for each company. Loss Leader Look in any newspaper circular‚ it is chocked full of advertisements from untold numbers of retailers who are trying to push "loss leaders" onto consumers
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7 Transfer Pricing LEARNING OBJECTIVES : After studying this chapter students will understand. * Purpose of transfer pricing * Responsibility of a division as responsibility centre * Conflicts between the divisions * Setting of transfer price where the profit of the organisation can be higher. 7.1 Introduction The whole organisation can be divided into a number of divisions‚ the performance of each division can be measured in terms of both the income earned and the
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