Accounting Principles‚ Concepts and Conventions Accounting principles are guidelines & standards‚ which have been accepted by the accounting profession in preparation and presentation of accounts of the business. It is approved and normally accepted by the government bodies &controlling authorities. Accounting principles are uniform in order to understand in the same sense by those using it. Also they are not rigid (i.e. inflexible) like principle of gravity but they are flexible.
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|Term-Concepts |Definition | |Purpose of Accounting |Communicating financial information to end users so they can make informed decisions. | |Accounting Entity |The financial affairs of the business are separate and distinct from the financial affairs of the owner. | |Monetary Concept |All transactions are recorded in
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----------------------------------------------------------------- Accounting Concept and Conventions In drawing up accounting statements‚ whether they are external "financial accounts" or internally-focused "management accounts"‚ a clear objective has to be that the accounts fairly reflect the true "substance" of the business and the results of its operation. The theory of accounting has‚ therefore‚ developed the concept of a "true and fair view". The true and fair view is applied in ensuring
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Accounting Concepts Underlying Assumptions‚ Principles‚ and Conventions Assumptions The following are basic financial accounting assumptions: Separate entity assumption - the business is an entity that is separate and distinct from its owners‚ so that the finances of the firm are not co-mingled with the finances of the owners. • Going concern assumption - the business is going to be operating for the foreseeable future. Stable monetary unit assumption - e.g. the U.S. dollar • Fixed
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COST CLASSIFICATION CONCEPT OF COST: DEFINITION: A SACRIFICE OR GIVING UP OF RESOURCES FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE FREQUENTLY MEASURED BY THE MONETARY UNITS (RUPEES‚ DOLLARS) THAT MUST BE PAID FOR GOODS AND SERVICES . ➢ EMPHASIS ON COST INFORMATION: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANTS PAY A LOT OF ATTENTION TO COSTS BECAUSE COST HAVE A VITAL ROLE TO PLAY IN PLANNING ‚ EVALUATING AND DECISION MAKING. FOR EXAMPLE IN PLANNING THE ROUTE AND FLIGHT SCHEDULES THE MANAGER OF AN AIR LINE MUST CONSIDER
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The historical cost concept means expenses and assets must be recorded with their original cost according to its representation cost of things from the past. CITATION Wil09 \l 17417 (Wild‚ Shaw‚ & Barbara‚ 2009) For example‚ APPLE Company bought equipment at the price of RM 10‚000 and after few months‚ the equipment is then estimated to drop in value. The cost of the purchase RM 10 000 would be recorded in the financial report because there is official receipt and documents supporting the value
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Question 1 Product costs are costs that are associated with manufactured goods until the time period during which products are sold. It involved all costs in acquiring or making a product. These costs consist of direct materials‚ direct labour and manufacturing overhead. Product costs are initially assigned to an inventory account on the balance sheet. When the goods are sold‚ the costs are released from inventory as expenses and matched against sales revenue. Since product costs are initially assigned
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Chapter 1 Basic Cost Concepts Learning Objectives • To understand the meaning of different costing terms to understand different costing methods • To have a basic idea of different costing techniques • To understand the meaning of cost sheet In order to determine and take a dispassionate view about what lies beneath the surface of accounting figures‚ a financial analyst has to make use of different management accounting techniques. Cost techniques have a precedence over the other
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manufacturing or trading‚ require cost accounting to track their activities.[1] Cost accounting has long been used to help managers understand the costs of running a business. Modern cost accounting originated during the industrial revolution‚ when the complexities of running a large scale business led to the development of systems for recording and tracking costs to help business owners and managers make decisions. In the early industrial age‚ most of the costs incurred by a business were what modern
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Biyani’s Think Tank Concept based notes Cost Accounting [ B.Com. Part-II] B.N. Gaur MBA‚ PGDBM‚ Lecturer Deptt. of Commerce & Management Biyani Girls College‚ Jaipur Fore more detail:- http://www.gurukpo.com Published by : Think Tanks Biyani Group of Colleges Concept & Copyright : ©Biyani Shikshan Samiti Sector-3‚ Vidhyadhar Nagar‚ Jaipur-302 023 (Rajasthan) Ph : 0141-2338371‚ 2338591-95 • Fax : 0141-2338007 E-mail : acad@biyanicolleges.org Website :www.gurukpo.com; www
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