A. WORK-OUT PROBLEMS: Write formulas for the following: calcium nitrate phosphorous pentafluoride aluminum carbonate strontium hydroxide methane potassium oxide lithium chloride barium sulfate phosphate ion dinitrogen tetroxide Give the complete electron configurations of: S‚ O2-‚ and Mn. For the following molecules/ions‚ give the Lewis structure‚ molecular geometry‚ and electron pair geometry: NO2- SF4 Write Lewis structures to represent all resonance forms of CO32-
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The balanced equation of the reaction was Cu(s) + 4HNO3(aq) -> Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NO2(g) + 2H2O(l). This is an example of a redox reaction since metal copper was oxidized from Cu to Cu+2 and nitrogen was reduced with an oxidation number of +5 to +4 after the reaction. The redox reaction can also be identified by how the reaction began first with an element‚ copper‚ before forming a compound of copper nitrate. After nitric acid was added and the copper turnings began to dissolve
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Experiments #7A & 7B 7A. Electrochemical Cells 7B. Formation of a Complex Ion Chem 102 Section 3095 Grace H. Kim Dec. 15‚ 2011 Abstract Two experiments were conducted to figure out the value of the formation constant of tetraamminecopper(II)‚ Kf‚ with different methods and which experimental method produces more accurate result. One was electrochemistry using a Daniel cell and the other one was spectrometry by estimating concentration of complex solution using a calibration
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ELECTROCHEMISTRY Terms to Know: Electrochemistry—the study of the interchange of chemical and electrical energy OIL RIG – oxidation is loss‚ reduction is gain (of electrons) Oxidation – the loss of electrons‚ increase in charge Reduction – the gain of electrons‚ reduction of charge Oxidation number – the assigned charge on an atom Oxidizing agent (OA) – the species that is reduced and thus causes oxidation Reducing agent (RA) – the species that is oxidized and thus causes reduction ELECTROCHEMISTRY INVOLVES TWO
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dioxide and chlorine: elevated temperature 658 NITROSYL CHLORIDE 2ClNO + HNO3 → 6NO2 + Cl2 +2H2O Also‚ nitrosyl chloride can be synthesized from its elements by heating nitrogen‚ oxygen and chlorine gas at 400°C: N2 + O2 + Cl2 → 2ClNO Faraday obtained nitrosyl chloride by dissolving palladium in a mixture of hydrochloric and nitric acids (Faraday‚ M. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London)‚ Vol. 136‚ pp. 48‚ 1846): Pd + HNO3 + 3HCl → PdCl2 + ClNO + 2H2O Reactions Nitrosyl chloride undergoes addition reactions
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SCH 4U1 FINAL EXAM REVIEW ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE 1. Describe the wave mechanical model of the atom. 2. Write the ground state electron configuration for Br. 3. Explain why the first ionization energy for Ne is significantly greater than Na. 4. Distinguish between ionization energy and electronegativity. 5. How does VSEPR Theory account for the fact that the bond angle in H2O is less than NH3? 6. Which of the following molecules are polar? Include diagrams
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163 CHAPTER 13 HYDROCARBON Hydrocarbons are composed of Carbon and hydrogen. The important fuels like Petrol‚ kerosene‚ coal gas‚ CNG‚ LPG etc. are all hydrocarbons or their mixture. Sources: Petroleum and natural gas are the major sources of aliphatic hydrocarbon while coal is an important source of aromatic hydrocarbons. The oil trapped inside the rocks is known as petroleum. PETRA – ROCK‚ OLEUM – OIL. The oil in the petroleum field is covered with a gaseous mixture known as natural
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N10/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX 88106105 CHEMISTRY STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2 Thursday 11 November 2010 (afternoon) Candidate session number 0 1 hour 15 minutes 0 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES • • • • Write your session number in the boxes above. Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. Section A: answer all of Section A in the spaces provided. Section B: answer one question from Section B. Write your answers on answer sheets. Write your session number
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microorganisms. The sludge is largely converted to ’biogas’‚ a mixture of CH4 and CO2‚ which is used to generate electricity for the plant. The liquid is treated by bacteria which break down the organic matter remaining in solution. It is then sent to oxidation ponds where heterotrophic bacteria continue the breakdown of the organics and solar UV light destroys the harmful bacteria. The role of the laboratory A wide variety of analytical tests are used to determine the purity of the wastewater at various
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of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract Four organic samples: hexane‚ cyclohexene‚ napthalene and toulene were given to serve as reference standards to characterize and distinguish four unknown given samples. Nitration‚ bromine and basic oxidation testswere conducted to classify the different samples from being an aliphatic‚ or aromatic‚ saturated or unsaturated and alkylated or non-alkylated hydrocarbons. The physical state and color were noted by simple physical observation. The unknown
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