John Locke was born in Wrington ‚ Somerset ‚ England on August 29 1704 to John Locke and Agnes Keene ‚ who were both Puritans (Uzgalis 2001 ‚ Wikipedia 2006 ‚ Microsoft Encarta 2006 . His father ‚ after whom he was named ‚ served as captain of cavalry for the Parliamentarian forces in the early part of the English Civil War . His family later moved to Pensford and Locke grew up in a rural Tudor house in Belluton . He attended the Westminster School in London in 1647 under Alexander Popham ‚ a member
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John Locke¡¦s labour theory of property and government has won attention from a staggering range of interpreters. Some analysts have hailed the theory as the greatest achievement of Locke¡¦s political writing‚ whereas others have scorned it as critically misdirected and shallow. For numerous analysts both friendly and hostile‚ the labour theory functions as the core of Lockean individualism‚ but for others the theory serves as the foundation of Locke¡¦s Communitarianism. Many critics and supporters
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When comparing Hobbes‚’ Sandel’s and Machiavelli’s viewpoints regarding which of Aristotle’s three main categories of knowledge is the most significant for establishing good political systems or making good political decisions‚ one must consider what each theorists considers to be a good political system and create a link between the two. The most important category of knowledge for establishing and making good political systems for Aristotle is practical knowledge‚ the purpose of politics is to
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Jean-Jaques Rousseau was a pivotal new thinker during the period of Enlightenment. He strayed from the extreme positive and negative views of Hobbes and Locke‚ introducing a new perspective on the concept of the state of nature. The philosophy of how humans act in their most natural state was a common topic‚ but Rousseau’s take‚ theorizing that humans are born evil but corrupted by society‚ offered what seemed to be the most realistic belief. His opinions on effective ruling strategies and the most successful
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2. Hobbes claims that without a government to enforce law and order‚ we would find ourselves in a “war...of every man against every man.” What reasons does he give for believing this? Do you think he is right? Hobbes argues that when there is no government or civil authority in place‚ humans are living in a state of nature. This state is what Hobbes calls a war‚ “of every man against every other man” (Leviathan pg.106). Since there is no order in place‚ everybody can then claim anything they want
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John Locke is considered to be one of the most influential philosophers in history. An English political theorist‚ his principles and beliefs are said to have influenced many democracies that we see today‚ including the United States of America. A state of nature is when society implicitly and explicitly places certain rights of individuals into the hands of institutions and collective norms to improve the lives of others. The state of nature is used to help social contract theorists present their
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In Leviathan‚ Thomas Hobbes writes about the construction of a commonwealth and expresses what he believes are the essential characteristics of a perfect government. Hobbes contends that a strong national government can help citizens escape the brutal state of nature. In doing so‚ people must mutually give up certain powers and freedoms and delegate them to a centralized power‚ thus providing the basis of a social contract. In return for the populace giving up certain rights‚ this established power
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example the fact that we can continue to have scientific advancements with the church for the most part being okay with it. Although along with this scientist and the church continue to have arguments such as how the earth was created. The discussion continued for group A with the thoughts of the discussions of the different philosophers. While several people discussed how Thomas Hobbes or John Locke were the most influential philosophers I thought it was very
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This paper analyzes the social contract theory of John Locke and how his values are consistent with the criminal justice system and private security settings of today. It will further discuss whether or not Locke’s’ values and principles apply to both criminal justice and private security venues. I will also summarize the major differences of the social contract theories; identify the key principles associated with Locke’s social contract theory; identify how these principles are inculcated in the
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In order to understand how the American government works‚ one must address the questions‚ who governs and for what purpose. However‚ the obvious answer may not be the correct one. Many may think that those who govern are the people or perhaps politicians. In actuality‚ there is no definite individual or particular group who governs. Instead governing is a process‚ which involves several groups (voters‚ candidates‚ parties‚ executive officials etc) who carry out the policies of the people by
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