the poverty line. The transition from communism to a market-based economy did not create poverty in Russia‚ but it certainly made life more difficult for many groups of people. The economic transition also witnessed the "feminization" of poverty. Single-mother families and single elderly women make up a group with the highest poverty risk. In the case of single-mother families‚ poverty factors include the low individual income of the mother. The elderly also suffer from insufficient pensions
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Bibliography: [1] (1995) [2] International Monetary Fund (2010) [3] Haruki Murakami [4] Hofstede (1980) [5] Mueller and Thomas (2001) [6] UBC Commerce‚ Breaking Down Barriers: Creating a Climate for Innovation and Entrepreneurship in British Columbia
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throughout the world‚ abandonment‚ neglect‚ poverty and homelessness are major factors in children’s everyday lived experiences in which affect them mentally‚ socially and emotionally. Through several scholarly research conducted‚ I found that on a day-to-day basis they face many hardships that include hunger‚ abuse‚ neglect‚ sickness and other forms of dangers that affect their childhood‚ growth and development. Russia is a country of economic distress‚ in which has trouble accounting for the thousands
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Culture‚ in my own opinion‚ is a unique system of values and norms that are believed by a group of people who live in the same society. Since culture is unique‚ Geert Hofstede tried to study the differences. After the study‚ he proposed five dimensions to measure the cultural difference between nations. The following parts will explain Hofstede Framework briefly. The first dimension is Power Distance. It is a tool to measure the power difference between levels in organization. In a group with high power
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Avoidance Index In 1991‚ a fifth dimension has been added – LTO – Long Term versus Short Term Orientation‚ which was initially known as Confucian Dynamism. In 2007‚ Minkov added a sixth dimension – IND: Indulgence versus Restraint‚ which was adopted by Hofstede et al. (2010). These dimensions were underpinned by variables that correlated across nations‚ not across individuals or organizations. For organizational cultures‚ entirely different dimensions were found as well. PDI reflects the consequences
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Hofstede Cultural Dimension imensions * Description for each of Hofstede’s Dimensions listed below Indonesia has Power Distance (PDI) as its highest ranking Hofstede Dimension at 78. The high Power Distance (PDI) is indicative of a high level of inequality of power and wealth within the society. This condition is not necessarily forced upon the population‚ but rather accepted by the society as part of their cultural heritage. The average Power Distance for the greater Asian countries is 71
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Overview Russia is the largest country in the world with a total population of 143 billion and areas stretching over Europe and Asia. Formerly the dominant public of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)‚ Russia now is an independent country and the most influential member of the Commonwealth of the Independent States (CIS). Several governmental policies have been launched in the last few years aiming to transform the country to be more democratic with a market-oriented economy. From
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Finance and Business Finance With the gradual progress of society & civilization and the development of science and technology‚ the scope of trade and commerce has also increased. Hence‚ the product-market has to cope with diverse competitions. To make profit in this competition‚ a businessman has to utilize his capital efficiently through proper planning so that the cost of production or selling could be kept minimum. Hence‚ a business firm can maximize its profit. For that purpose‚ every business
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY AND WHY IT MATTERS FOR THE ECONOMIC AND DEMOCRATIC DEVELOPMENT OF EUROPE AND ITS CITIZENS: POST-COMMUNIST CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE DELIVERABLE 2 DESK RESEARCH RUSSIA Evdokimova E.P.; Eremitcheva G.V.; Ignatova S.N.; Poretskina E.M. Sociological Institute of Russia Academy of Sciences. Scientific consultants: Man’ko Ju.V.‚ St.Petersburg University of Technology and Design‚ professor Olimpieva I.B.‚ Cenetr of Independent Social Research‚ PhD
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when it comes to doing business in different countries. I will go over this movie from a multicultural business studies point of view. The film helps people visualize the underlying multicultural issues‚ particularly the concepts of Geert Hofstede. Hofstede has five categories of cultural values. Individualism versus Collectivism‚ Power Distance‚ Uncertainty Avoidance‚ Masculinity and Femininity‚ and Long versus Short Term Orientation. These values are all described‚ easily seen and understood
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