most widely used national cultural framework in psychology‚ sociology‚ marketing and management studies. His dimensions were all constructed in such a way that they addressed basic problems that all societies have to deal with. Thus‚ these dimensions of national culture were constructed at the national level namely: PDI: Power Distance Index IDV: Individualism versus collectivism MAS: Masculinity versus Femininity UAI: Uncertainty Avoidance Index In 1991‚ a fifth dimension has been added – LTO – Long
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Hofstede’s Five Dimensions and Leadership Hofstede’s Five Dimensions and Leadership Geert Hofstede examined IBM the company for over thirty years and developed a theory about cultural differences. His theory is widely used to compare differences in culture‚ and also in leadership. There were initially four dimensions of values that he measured; uncertainty avoidance‚ individualism‚ power distance and masculinity. Later a fifth dimension‚ long term orientation was added in 1991. These dimensions
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Social Orientation: Individualist Definition Impacts -One that pursues a markedly independent course in thought or action. -One that advocates or practices individualism. -free will is highly value. -same value standard apply to all universalism. -other people seen as potential. -task prevails over relationship. -calculative model of employer employee relationship. -become more innovative or excel in their responsibilities. -opinions can lead to robust discussions and debates‚ resulting in
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Hofstede Cultural dimensions: India is a vast country known for its diversified culture and traditions. The unique characteristic of India is its “unity in diversity”. In India Relationships and feeling plays a larger role in decisions. Indians tend to take larger risks with a person whose intentions they trust. Thus‚ one’s credibility and trustworthiness are critical in negotiating a deal. Indians are ‘polychronic’ people‚ ie they tend to deal with more than one task at the same time. Indians
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Hofstede cultural dimensions 5 dimensions Power distance is defined as "the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organisations within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally". Individualism pertains to societies in which the ties between individuals are loose: everyone is expected to look after himself or herself and his or her immediate family. Collectivism as its opposite pertains to societies in which people from birth onwards are integrated
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and Etiquette [online] available at http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/spain-country-profile.html http://www.pbs.org/mediashift/2008/06/spains-national-obsession-with-mobiles-texting165.html accessed on 10/11/11 Miller S‚ (2002) Spain ’s women make gains in workplace and home [online] available at
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Hofstede Cultural Dimension imensions * Description for each of Hofstede’s Dimensions listed below Indonesia has Power Distance (PDI) as its highest ranking Hofstede Dimension at 78. The high Power Distance (PDI) is indicative of a high level of inequality of power and wealth within the society. This condition is not necessarily forced upon the population‚ but rather accepted by the society as part of their cultural heritage. The average Power Distance for the greater Asian countries is 71
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construction firms as well as their Chinese counterparts to appreciate and understand each other’s cultural differences/ similarities. Although Singapore culture appears to be one based predominately on Chinese culture‚ there remain differences between the two‚ which‚ if not properly understood‚ can lead to ineffectiveness and misunderstandings. Using the four dimensions of a national culture established by Hofstede‚ this exploratory study examines what constitute Singapore culture and Chinese culture. Through
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Hofstede Geert Hofstede’s five cultural dimensions are individualistic vs. collectivism‚ power distance‚ quality of life vs. quantity of life‚ uncertainty avoidance and time orientation. Power Distance The term of power distance in the Hofstede’s framework means measurement of power in an institution and organization being distributed where the society able to accept (Bergman et al. 2006‚ 141). Both Australia and Sweden has a low power distance in their society. Low power distance countries
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2 Porter’s Five Forces and Competitive Strategy Threat of Rivalry 3 Threat of New Entry 4 Threat of Substitute Products 5 Bargaining Power of Buyers 6 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 7 Recommendation of Porter’s Five Forces Strategies 8-9 Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions 10-13 Recommendation of Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Model 14-15 Competitive
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