Objective 1 Identify and give examples of each of the three basic manufacturing cost categories. 1-1 Classifications of Manufacturing Costs Direct Materials Direct Labor Manufacturing Overhead The Product 1-2 1-2 Direct Materials Raw materials that become an integral part of the product and that can be conveniently traced directly to it. Example: A radio installed in an automobile 1-3 Direct Labor Those labor costs that can be easily traced to individual units of product. Example: Wages paid
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Methods of Cost Variability The Methods * The Comparison Method * High and Low Point or Range Method * The Equation Method * The Average Method * The Graphic Method (Scatter diagram) * The Method of Least Squares * The Analytical Method or Degree of Variability Method Illustration From the following month-wise information in respect of semi-variable costs of a firm‚ segregate the cost into fixed and variable elements: Months2009 | Production (Units) | Semi Variable
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Written by: Edmund Quek CHAPTER 6 THE THEORY OF COST LECTURE OUTLINE 1 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 INTRODUCTION SHORT-RUN THEORY OF COST Distinction between fixed cost and variable cost Total cost Marginal cost Average cost Relationship between marginal cost and average cost Optimum capacity LONG-RUN THEORY OF COST Cost minimisation in the long run Long-run average cost Productive efficiency References John Sloman‚ Economics William A. McEachern‚ Economics Richard G. Lipsey and
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overhead rate -estimated manufacturing overhead cost divided by estimated which of manufacturing overhead -it can‚ it must be a manufacturing‚ indirect labor costs that are easily traced to a job -direct which of indirect labor cost examples -maintenance into which of the companies classify manufacturing cost -direct labor‚ manufacturing‚ direct‚ materials a factor that causes overhead costs is called -cost driver what kinds of costs are assigned to units of product in absorption
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To have a charge for each product‚ first the standard costs are calculated‚ based on the new allocation rate ($10.36): |Product |B |C |D | |Material |5‚00 |10‚00 |5‚00 | |Labor |5‚00 |15‚00 |10‚00 | |Allocated cost |10‚36 |31‚08 |20‚72 | |Standard cost |$20‚36 |$56‚08 |$35‚72
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Holding On The human mind holds thoughts and ideas that sometimes interfere with its acceptance of truth. Sir Francis Bacon calls these hindering ideas “idols” in his work: Idols Which Beset Men’s Minds because people tend to hold onto these flawed ideas even when faced with other possibilities. Charles S. Peirce tells us in The Fixation of Belief that people do not just hold onto a belief‚ they hold onto it with an unyielding stubbornness. This stubbornness hinders the mind from accepting
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labor‚ $10 worth of raw materials is used in the production of each parka. (a) By minimizing cost subject to the production function‚ derive the cost-minimizing demands for K and L as a function of output (q)‚ wage rate (w)‚ and rental rates on machines (r). Use these results to derive the total cost function: that is‚ costs as a function of q‚r‚ w‚ and the constant $10 per unit materials cost. (b) Polly’s Parkas plans to produce 2000 parkas per week. At the factor prices given above‚ how
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DVDs. The following data are available regarding the models: DVD Selling Price per unit Model LX1 Model LX2 Model LX3 $175.00 $250.00 $300.00 Variable Cost per unit $100.00 $125.00 $140.00 Demand/Year Units 2000 1000 500 VCI is considering the addition of a fourth model to its line of DVDs. This model would be sold to retailers for $375. The variable cost of this unit is $225. The demand for the new Model LX4 is estimated to be 300 units per year. Sixty percent of these unit sales of the new model is
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Topic:Responsibility Accounting and Cost Control. Subject: Management control systems Index: |Sr.No |Topic |Page No | |1 |Meaning of Responsibility Accounting |3 | |2 |Steps involved in Responsibility Accounting
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each section are provided in the Course Description. Part A – Microeconomics – Worth 10% of total assessment: Answer any five (5) of the following questions. Each question is worth 10 marks; Question 1: (a) Explain the impact of external costs and external benefits on resource allocation; (2.5 marks) Ans : Resources are over - allocated when negative externalities exist because the equilibrium price is too low. Resources are under - allocated when positive externalities exist because the
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