Types of Soil & Their Uses Soil is a complex system of organic and inorganic matter that directly and indirectly supports plant and animal life. It is comprised of minerals‚ nutrients‚ water‚ microorganisms and decomposed living matter that provide the essential elements required to sustain growth. The soils of different geographical areas differ in chemical makeup‚ structure‚ pH value‚ texture and color. Soil makes the basis of the ecosystem and performs functions essential for the survival
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Soil erosion is a major concern in the southeastern region of Nigeria due to high population densities and farming techniques‚ which has resulted in the presence of numerous gullies. While gullies are found all around the world‚ the existence of gullies in Nigeria is regarded as one of the worst environment disasters‚ having negative implications on the environment and the quality of life for humans and other species (Adetona & Ezezika‚ 2011; Ajaegwu & al‚ 2010). Large quantities of soil in Nigeria
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Determining the Plastic Limit and Plasticity Index of Soil (Referenced Document: ASTM D 4318) OBJECTIVE: To determine the plastic limit and plasticity index of soil. APPARATUS AND SUPPLIES Evaporating dish Spatula Ground-glass plate—at least 30 cm (12 in.) square by 1 cm (3⁄8 in.) thick for mixing soil and rolling plastic limit threads Balance (with accuracy to 0.01 g) Containers Oven PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMEN Select a 20-g portion of soil from the material prepared for the liquid limit
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While the nature takes from 100 to 400 years to build one centimetre of top soil‚ man can and often does destroy it almost overnight by haphazard land use and improvident husbandry. Irrational methods of cultivation‚ deforestation‚ destruction of natural vegetation due to overgrazing by pasturing animals etc.‚ accelerate denudation. Besides‚ failure of rains‚ floods‚ depopulation and loss of cattle caused by famine and pestilence‚ disturbance caused by war and interference with or change
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Soil conservation includes all such measures which protect the soil from erosion and restore its fertility. These measures are of two types-(a) small measures to check soil erosion at local or even individual level‚ and (b) large measures at government level involving larger area and heavy investment. (a) Small Measures-These include afforestation‚ regularised land strip cultivation or contour farming or terrace farming in hilly areas‚ use of stubble mulch system‚ increasing cohesiveness of the
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extreme form of soft soil. It is an organic soil which consists more than 75% of organic matters. However‚ the cutoff value of the percentage of organic matter necessary to classify a superficial deposit or soil as peat varies throughout the world‚ usually depending on the purpose of classification. This cutoff value also serves to differentiate peat from superficial deposits or soils with lesser amounts of organic content. The terms peat and organic soils‚ used for describing soils with an organic content
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1. INTRODUCTION The stability and life of any structure – a building‚ an airport‚ a road‚ dams‚ levees – depend on the stability‚ strength‚ and deformation of soils.[1] Unfortunately‚ due to the uncertainties of the world’s natural materials‚ the study of geotechnical engineering‚ and soil mechanics in particular‚ is both challenging and necessary. The following report is a compilation of the results acquired as a result of two laboratories performed by Group 13 at McMaster University on February
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What is soil erosion? Soil erosion is a natural process‚ occurring over geological time‚ and indeed it is a process that is essential for soil formation in the first place. With respect to soil degradation‚ most concerns about erosion are related to accelerated erosion‚ where the natural rate has been significantly increased mostly by human activity. Soil erosion by water is a widespread problem throughout Europe. Soil is naturally removed by the action of water or wind: such ’background’
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Classification of tropical‚ sub-tropical and acid zone fruit – area and production – scope and importance. Climate is of fundamental importance in the development of fruit cluster. Fruit has been a major food for mankind from time immemorial. Primitive man‚ the food habit was based mainly on fruits and also tubers which were found wild in the forests. In fact Adam who is considered to be the progenitor of man was said to have temptingly given the apple. In Ramanaya and Mahabaratha the cultivation
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My Singular Irene Literature is‚ by my understanding‚ a means to critic society and individuals or the way the world is behaving. Writers of Literature write literature to provide a new way of seeing things that might be different from our point of view. In other words‚ writers use tools of literature story like: symbolism‚ point of view to help them is making the literature story to be more exciting and clear to us‚ the reader. The author helps us to see the frailty or other bad deeds and
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