ACID BASE IMBALENCE INTRODUCTION The body normally maintains a steady balance between acids‚ produced during metabolism and bases that neutralize and promote the excretion of the acids.Many health problems may lead to acid base imbalance.Patients with Diabetis mellitus ‚COPD‚and kidney disease frequently frequently develop acid base imbalences. Vomiting and diarrhea may also cause acid base imbalance.The kidneys are an essential buffer system for
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Chapter 17 End of life care includes: palliative care- comprehensive care for patients whose disease is not responsive to cure; care also extends to patients’ families; management of psychological‚ social‚ and spiritual problems as well as control of pain and other physical symptoms; to improve pt and family’s quality of life hospice- care provided to terminally ill patient’s and their families; death has been accepted‚ bereavement for family; generally associated with palliative care that is
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have complaints of chest pain. The client may also present with muscle weakness due to the imbalance of fluids and electrolytes in the circulatory system‚ such as with increases in serum potassium levels. If kidney injury progression cannot be successfully treated‚ slowed or reversed‚ permanent kidney damage can occur resulting in permanent loss of kidney function‚ or end-stage kidney disease requiring dialysis treatment or eventual death (Mayo Clinic‚
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Evaporation is the conversion of water from a liquid to a gaseous form. Heat is lost when water evaporates from the body surface. (Seeley‚ Stephen & Tate 2002). According to Gould (1993)‚ The regulation of body temperature is one of a range of homeostatic mechanisms‚ which play a part in maintaining a constant internal
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but not his vitamin and mineral supplement. An ECG and blood tests indicate hypokalemia. Discussion Questions 1. Discuss the possible factors contributing to his electrolyte imbalance and the rationale for his signs and symptoms. 2. What are the signs of hypokalemia and why is it important to identify potassium imbalances quickly? 3. What is the role of potassium in cardiac function? Case Study 2 Ms. R. is a 65-year-old female who spends most of her day sitting on her porch and recovering from
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returned to the venous circulation. Hemodialysis is a fast and efficient method for removing urea and other toxic products and correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalances but requires permanent arteriovenous access. Procedure is usually performed three times per week for 4 hrs. Hemodialysis may be done in the hospital‚ outpatient dialysis center‚ or at home. Nursing Care Plans Learn more about hemodialysis with these 3 Hemodialysis Nursing Care Plan (NCP). Risk for Injury NURSING DIAGNOSIS:
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B- Assuming Joseph’s heart has stopped‚ what cellular processes and membrane functions are going to be affected by the loss of oxygen‚ blood glucose‚ and waste removal? Since Joseph’s heart has stopped oxygen‚ glucose‚ and other essential ions that were required for the heart to pump slowed‚ but the cells continued working using the supply of ATP rapidly. The Carbon dioxide levels inside of the cell rose‚ and the pH began to drop. The mitochondria no longer had the required oxygen and glucose
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cell” the Mitochondria structure. Joseph heart attack caused the function of his cells to change. I believe the ribosomes‚ the endoplasmic reticulum‚ Golgi complex and lysosomes were the proteins in the cell membrane that were involved in the homeostatic imbalances of Joseph’s heart. Reestablishing oxygen flow to Joseph’s body was so important because without oxygen to the cells they can not produce ATP‚ the energy of the cell. He was lucky enough to have
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gall-bladder‚ liver‚ small intestines‚ and large intestines. Each of these organs are effected at some point with anorexia. The short term effects include constipation‚ bloating‚ digestive difficulties‚ imbalance of bad flora over the good healthy flora of the intestines‚ abdominal distress‚ cramps‚ N\V\D Hyper-acidity. The rate of peristalsis decreases the constipation‚ bloating‚ and gives rise to sensations of early fullness.
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Urinary system Homeostasis Salt provides two elements that are essential for life and for good health - sodium and chloride ions. They are both elements that the body cannot manufacture itself so it must be supplied by food. Although salt is the most common dietary source for these essential elements‚ sodium also available from various foods that contain sodium naturally. Sodium is a mineral element that plays a critical role in body physiology. It controls the volume of fluid in the body and
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