early 20th century. They emerged as an authorized structure and were granted exclusive rights to trade and conduct business in certain markets and products. The fact that firms are a different way to organize economic activities cannot explain explicitly and adequately the reason of firm formation. Many socialists and economists have given their interpretations of the conditions under which firms emerged and developed in certain ways in a specialised exchange economy. These explanations are drawn from
Premium Economics Transaction cost
Describe and evaluate two theories of the formation of relationships There are two theories of the formation of romantic relationships‚ which are the reward/need satisfaction theory by Byrne and Clore (1970) and the similarity theory also by Byrne and Clore with Smeaton (1986). The similarity theory promotes liking. It suggests that we are attracted to people with similar personalities and attitudes to us and that we first sort potential partners for dissimilarity avoiding those whose personality
Premium Personality psychology Difference Operant conditioning
State Formation A Historical Systems Approach Note: This page is part of the archives of the Phrontistery‚ but is no longer being updated. This is a revised version of a paper originally written in 1995 as part of an honours degree project. It is somewhat academic in nature‚ so be warned. While my opinions on some of the issues discussed herein have changed somewhat‚ my theoretical interests are substantially similar to those in this paper. Table of Contents I. Introduction II. Illusory Dichotomy:
Premium Evolution Sociology
Theory X and Theory Y In his 1960 book‚ The Human Side of Enterprise‚ Douglas McGregor proposed two theories by which to view employee motivation. He avoided descriptive labels and simply called the theories Theory X and Theory Y. Both of these theories begin with the premise that management’s role is to assemble the factors of production‚ including people‚ for the economic benefit of the firm. Beyond this point‚ the two theories of management diverge. Theory X Theory X assumes that the average
Free Maslow's hierarchy of needs Management Abraham Maslow
Cheating Our Brains into Happiness Jane McGonigal is a prominent game developer who has dedicated her recent years to developing games that try to help the world out instead of just entertaining a few. In the tenth chapter of her book Reality is Broken‚ she argues that happiness levels in the United States and around the world are alarmingly low‚ and people are very depressed. She then introduces a term called “Happiness Hacking”. McGonigal herself defines it as “…the experimental design practice
Premium Mind Positive psychology Happiness
MARXIAN THEORY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Karl Marx is one of the few thinkers in History who has had an influence on millions of people‚ ranked with Christ and Mohammed‚ if we are to judge him by the number of followers. He predicted the inevitable doom of capitalism and imposed on his ideas that communism has built its edifice (large structure). He based his predictions on a sweeping analysis of the process of capitalists’ economic dvlpt. MARXIAN INTERPRETATION OF HISTORY General framework of Mark’s
Premium Karl Marx Das Kapital Marxism
The exploitation of women in Ads What are the dangers for the companies to use such types of ads? What are the different reactions of men and women to this kind of ads ? Introduction The exploitation of women in the media has been part of the advertising industry since its beginning‚ although the level to which women have been exploited has changed drastically. Advertising is a highly visible and seemingly controversial agent of socialization (Paff‚ Lakner‚ 1997). Indeed‚ it appears everywhere
Premium Advertising Gender Gender role
The first of the two theories was put forward by Byrne and Clore in 1970. They named this theory about the formation of relationships the Reward/Need Satisfaction Theory. Their theory suggests that we are attracted to people we find satisfying to be with. This can be demonstrated by asking people why they are attracted to their partner‚ the usual answers are: caring‚ supportive‚ affectionate or just good fun. We‚ as humans‚ are motivated to seek stimuli that are rewarding to us. We are equally
Premium Personality psychology Experiment Interpersonal relationship
Using PESTLE framework‚ analyse the impact of external business and economic environment of your focal organisation that affect its strategic decisions and performance The purpose of a PESTEL analysis is mainly involved with studying all the external factors of a business that can directly or indirectly impact the firm’s future long‚ medium and short term strategies. By doing this a business can plan for the future and analyse their strengths of the business‚ weaknesses of the business‚ opportunities
Premium Coca-Cola
Game Theory and Economic Analysis Game Theory and Economic Analysis presents the wide range of current contributions of game theory to economics. The chapters fall broadly into two categories. Some lay out in a jargon-free manner a particular branch of the theory‚ the evolution of one of its concepts‚ or a problem that runs through its development. Others are original pieces of work that are significant to game theory as a whole. After taking the reader through a concise history of game theory
Premium Game theory Economics