Enzymes are a type of protein. They are catalysts meaning they speed up the rate of the reaction. Enzymes activity depends on the concentration of the substrate‚ temperature and the pH. The more concentrated the substrate is the more reactive the enzyme is. The optimal pH for an enzyme is 7.5 and the optimal temperature for an enzyme is 53 Celsius. Extremes in the temperature and the pH of an enzyme can denature therefore destroy it. The enzyme that is in this experiment is Amylase. Amylase is found
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substrate concentration on the reaction rate of an enzyme IB biology Internal Assessment 3/23/12 Research Question: Effect of changes in substrate concentration amount on the reaction rate of an enzyme Introduction: In this experiment‚ the substrate is hydrogen peroxide. The purpose of this investigation is to find out the relationship between the substrate concentration and the rate of reaction. Substrates are molecules that are acted upon by enzymes. For instance‚ amylase‚ an enzyme found
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3 SUBJECT: Biology TITLE: Enzymes AIM: To investigate the effect of substrate concentration on the enzyme amylase INTRODUCTION: Enzymes are perhaps one of the most important proteins of the human body. Enzymes such as amylase‚ an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates‚ work by means of surface catalysis. In other words‚ the surface of the enzyme enables other molecules to react in a manner they would not be able to without the surface of the enzyme present. Enzymes achieve this by lowering the
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Enzymes are biological catalysts‚ large protein proteins that have a very specific three-dimensional shape which makes them highly specific and only work on one or a few similar chemical reactions. Enzymes themselves are not consumed in the reaction‚ but they help attract substrates into correct position to undergo chemical reaction. Enzymes greatly speed up the rate of biological reactions by lowering the energy of activation. To get a sense of the speed and efficiency of enzymes‚ substrates can
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Intro I am going to investigate a factor that affects the rate of enzyme activity What are enzymes and how do they work? Enzymes are biological catalysts - catalysts are substances that increase the rate of chemical reactions without being used up. Enzymes are also proteins and thus have a specific shape. They are therefore specific in the reactions that they catalyse - one enzyme will react with molecules of one substrate. The site of the reaction occurs in an area on the surface of the protein
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of the reaction: The effect of the temperature of the reaction on the activity of the purified enzyme was carried out by make the enzymatic reaction for 10 minutes at different temperature 25‚30‚35‚40‚45‚50‚60 and 70°C using an enzyme protein 0.1mg/reaction mixture and substrate concentration of 15 mg/reaction mixture‚ using a control of previously heated enzyme solution in the reaction. The data recorded in (table 27) and (figure 29) illustrate the effect of temperature of the reaction on the pectinase
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converted to pepsin‚ the enzyme is used to break down large or undigested protein they has been absorbed by the small intestine. The digestive power of pepsin is greatest at the acidity of normal gastric juice (pH 1.5–2.5). In the intestine the gastric acids are neutralized (pH 7)‚ and pepsin is no longer effective. "Pepsin (biochemistry)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica‚ n.d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. Research Question: Does changing the pH of pepsin affect the ability to break down
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determining the effects of pH on enzyme activity show that as the independent variable‚ pH‚ increases the dependent variable‚ percentage transmission‚ decreases. This is shown in the results as at the lowest pH‚ pH 4.0 the average percentage transmission is at its highest at 97%. At the highest pH‚ pH 8.0 the average transmission is 78.5%. This is also supported from the graph as it produces a negative gradient showing that as the percentage transmission will decrease with an increasing pH. This happens because
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Interpretation From the graph the enzyme Trypsin has 51% light transmission at pH 2. At pH 9 the Trypsin has 39% light transmission. Between pH 2 and pH 9 the percentage of light transmission decreases at a steady rate‚ until it reaches pH 8 where there is a steep increase from 30% to 39% as the enzyme has reached its optimum pH at 8. During the experiment in the boiling tube this pH had the deepest red colour as the most protein gelatine was broken up. This meant that in the colorimeter when testing
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Enzyme Activity Over Different Concentrations and Effects The goals of this experiment were to examine the effectively of enzymes on samples of different enzyme concentrations and substrate concentrations. In addition‚ the experiment tested how effective enzymes are on samples of pH levels and temperature levels. A. Effect of Enzyme Concentration Hypothesis: With half as much enzyme concentration then the reaction rate will be half as much than when the enzyme concentration is equal
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