The Semiconductor Industry: Reduction of Fluoride Waste Streams Submitted by Y. Smith Prepared for Dr. Alvarez Webster University 09 May 2011 CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author. I have cited all sources from which I used data‚ ideas‚ or words‚ either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for this course. The Semiconductor Industry: Fluoride Waste Streams Fluoride is a fairly common
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FREE ELECTRON THEORY Classical free electron theory of metals This theory was developed by Drude and Lorentz and hence is also known as Drude-Lorentz theory. According to this theory‚ a metal consists of electrons which are free to move about in the crystal like molecules of a gas in a container. Mutual repulsion between electrons is ignored and hence potential energy is taken as zero. Therefore the total energy of the electron is equal to its kinetic energy. Drift velocity If no electric
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What is Semiconductor A semiconductor is a solid whose electrical conductivity can be controlled over a wide range‚ either permanently or dynamically. Semiconductors are tremendously important technologically and economically. Silicon is the most commercially important semiconductor‚ though dozens of others are important as well. 1.2 What is Semiconductor Industry The semiconductor industry is the collection of business firms engaged in the design and fabrication of semiconductor devices
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CYPRESS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP. 2800 North Sheridan Road Lake Bluff‚ Illinois 60691 TO: T.J. RODGERS‚ President/CEO FROM: John Doe‚ VP‚ Investor Relations SUBJECT: Letter to Sisters of St. Francis DATE: 10/30/2009 LETTER FROM SISTERS OF ST. FRANCIS Upon reviewing the letter sent by Doris Gormley‚ OSF‚ I can certainly understand your concern and desire to respond in a timely manner. Appearing to be a form letter with stamped signature may indicate a lack of personal commitment on the part of
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Science February 6 2009 - February 19 2009 Conductor Investigation Calvin Chang 8.2 Stage 1: Planning the Experiment Introduction ! By “electric current”‚ I mean by the rate at which electric charges moves through a circuit‚ the electric charges can either be ions or electrons. They are measured in ammeters and the unit that is measured in is ampere which is the number of charges that passes through per second. There are many factors which would affect the electric current‚ like the voltage of
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An electron microscope is a type of microscope that produces an electronically-magnified image of a specimen for detailed observation. The electron microscope (EM) uses a particle beam of electrons to illuminate the specimen and create a magnified image of it. The microscope has a greater resolving power than a light-powered optical microscope‚ because it uses electrons that have wavelengths about 100‚000 times shorter than visible light (photons)‚ and can achieve magnifications of up to 1‚000‚000x
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3 Failure Mechanism of Semiconductor Devices Contents 3.1 Reliability Factor and Failure Mechanism of Semiconductor Devices 3- 1 3.1.1 Reliability factors 3- 1 3.1.2 Failure factors and mechanisms of semiconductor devices 3- 4 3.2 Failure Mechanisms of Semiconductor Devices 3- 6 3.2.1 Time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) 3- 6 3.2.2 Slow trap (NBTI) 3- 8 3.2.3 Hot carrier (AHC) 3-10 3.2.4 Soft error 3-12 3.2.5
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junction The p–n junction possesses some interesting properties which have useful applications in modern electronics. A p-doped semiconductor is relatively conductive. The same is true of an n-doped semiconductor‚ but the junction between them can become depleted of charge carriers‚ and hence non-conductive‚ depending on the relative voltages of the two semiconductor regions. By manipulating this non-conductive layer‚ p–n junctions are commonly used as diodes: circuit elements that allow a flow
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Resistance in a Conductor: The electrical resistance of an electrical conductor is the opposition to the passage of an electric current through that conductor. Electrical resistance shares some conceptual parallels with the mechanical notion of friction. The SI unit of electrical resistance is the ohm (Ω).An object of uniform cross section has a resistance proportional to its resistivity and length and inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area. All materials show some resistance‚ except
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follow-up product to my silicon semiconductor would be to specialize in microelectronic packaging. My product would be used primarily in high reliability components that undergo complete testing and screening to Aerospace specifications. I would use source control drawings to further refine these standards to specific product processing specifications demanded by unique system designs. Microelectronic packaging is the custom packaging and encapsulation of a desired semiconductor or microcircuit in high reliability
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