theorist in behaviour therapy is Hans J. Eysneck. In a paper that he submitted to his University in 1959‚ he defined behaviour therapy as the application of modern learning theory to the treatment of behavioural and emotional disorders. Eysneck emphasisied the principles and procedures of Pavlov as well as that of learning theorists. In Eysnecks view‚ behaviour therapy was an applied science‚ the defining feature of which was that it was testable and falsifiable. A landmark event for behaviour therapy
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Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences (PJSS) Vol. 31‚ No. 1 (June 2011)‚ pp. 185-199 Unions and Management: A Case Study of Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation Muhammad Shaukat Malik Assistant Professor of Management and Human Resources Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan‚ Pakistan E-mail: shoukatmalik@bzu.edu.pk A. B. Basit Associate Professor of Economics‚ The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Ahmad Kamal Qazi Assistant Manager-Marketing‚ PTCL‚ Multan Pakistan. E-mail: qazi_kamal@yahoo
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Why are Daphnia cultures ‘pre-incubated’ for 5 minutes under specified conditions‚ prior to experimentation? Criterion 4: Risk management – laboratory work Safety issues arise in all practical work‚ whether laboratory-based or field studies. In science laboratories there are a range of potential hazards that must be identified. Think about these‚ bearing in mind the experiment to be undertaken. ■ ■ ■ ■ List the common circumstances that
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FOUNDATIONS OF SOCIAL SCIENCE Assessment “The Hawthorne Studies are often identified as the single most important piece of empirical industrial social science ever undertaken. To what extent would you agree with this appraisal?” “There is a single light of science‚ and to brighten it anywhere is to brighten it everywhere.” – Isaac Asimov. Science (from Latin scientia - knowledge) is most commonly defined as the investigation or study of nature through observation and reasoning‚ aimed
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a proper way to deal with journalists that commit misconducts in their research publications in social sciences journals. Policies and procedures have been put into place to assist in the proper handling of researchers when they behave unethically. Editors must protect the integrity of the journals and the research‚ when allegations of research misconduct arise. This can pose a difficult task. Journals have had to rethink how to deal with such allegations and misconduct. “Editors must also think
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Heritability Why are twin studies valuable in behavioral genetics research? -Twin studies are valuable in behavioral genetics research because of the argument of nature versus nurture. If 2 twins‚ particularly identical twins‚ raised the exact same way turn out very differently‚ it is because there is something different in them genetically that determines their differences. What does the research say about the effect of environment on IQ scores in poor homes versus affluent homes? What does
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basis of studying of any science or discipline is its methods. Sciences in general and natural science in particular follow the scientific method. The scientific method has added much to their credibility and objectivity. It consists of certain steps or procedures which are to be followed precisely. A glance of these steps or procedures is given below. * Formulation of a problem-something not understood. It may be simple or complex‚ but this problem is to be defined properly otherwise we may
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Fitness is defined as the quality of being suitable to perform a particular task. Around 1950‚ perhaps consistent with the industrial revolution and the treatise of WWII‚ the term fitness increased in western vernacular by a factor of ten.[2] Modern definition of fitness describe either a person or machine’s ability to perform a specific function or a holistic definition of human adaptability to cope with various situations. This has lead to an interrelation of human fitness and attractiveness which
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ESSAY-1 TOPIC: The belief that humans are determined is essential to the study of behavioral science. Introduction We usually believe that what we do or choose to do is our own free will. We decide what to choose. But the question is that are we really free to do what we wish? Is it our own choice or are we determined to do things due to natural laws of the universe? Different philosophers have a different point of view while answering these questions. Some‚ such as Baron d’Holbach (1723-89)
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Community policing Community policing is defined as a " philosophy that promotes organizational strategies‚ which support the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques‚ to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime‚ social disorder‚ and fear of crime" according to the U.S. Department of Justice. (U. S. Department of Justice). In other words the main goal of community policing is the allocation of various police agencies/staff
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