Hypothesis testing I Kevin Soo Outline • • • • Theory and the research process What is a hypothesis? Hypothesis testing Statistical models Theory and the research process Theory • A belief – Can be true or false – P (belief) • A proposed/possible explanation for something – ‘Some students do poorly at statistics because they have less exposure to mathematics’ – ‘Women don’t date me because I’m ugly’ – ‘Manchester United lost the Premier League because they struggled with injury
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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Humans have been using insecticides for thousands of years. The Egyptians used unspecified chemicals to combat fleas in their homes about 3‚ 500 years ago‚ and arsenic has been used as an insecticide in china for at least 2‚ 900 years. Insecticide is a substance that kills insects. Insecticides are sometimes called pesticides. But pesticides include substances used to control mice‚ weeds and other pests besides insects. Insects harm human by transmitting
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In this text below we are going to compare two chapters of chosen from topics listed in instruction. Terra Nulls is defined as a Latin language that means “land belonging to no one” a concept in European international law in age of European colonisation but McDonald‚ Hellen explain about the stolen generation and authorised laws about child removal at that century. Body: A best describe of terra nullis is the idea that whoever can best use the land has the best right to it is still current and
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A hypothesis is a claim Population mean The mean monthly cell phone bill in this city is μ = $42 Population proportion Example: The proportion of adults in this city with cell phones is π = 0.68 States the claim or assertion to be tested Is always about a population parameter‚ not about a sample statistic Is the opposite of the null hypothesis e.g.‚ The average diameter of a manufactured bolt is not equal to 30mm ( H1: μ ≠ 30 ) Challenges the status quo Alternative never contains
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CHAPTER 8 Introduction to Hypothesis Testing 8.1 Inferential Statistics and Hypothesis Testing LEARNING OBJECTIVES 8.2 Four Steps to Hypothesis Testing After reading this chapter‚ you should be able to: 8.3 Hypothesis Testing and Sampling Distributions 8.4 Making a Decision: Types of Error 8.5 Testing a Research Hypothesis: Examples Using the z Test 8.6 Research in Focus: Directional Versus Nondirectional Tests 8.7 Measuring the Size
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Hypothesis Testing I Pat Obi What is a “Hypothesis?” A statement or claim about the value of a population parameter: μ‚ σ2‚ p Pat Obi‚ Purdue University Calumet 2 Decision Rule 1. x 0 Z s n Compare calculated Z value to Z value from Table (critical Z value) Reject H0 if calculated Z value lies in the rejection/significance region (i.e. region) ALTERNATIVELY: 2. Compare p-value to Reject H0 if p-value < Pat Obi‚ Purdue University Calumet 3 Two-Tail Test Ex: H0: 0
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step 2: The hypothesis Answer the following questions: * What is a hypothesis? * How is a hypothesis different from a theory in science? * Describe an example of how you may use the scientific method in your daily life and state a good hypothesis for that example. * Which hypothesis did you first pick in the "Recognizing a good hypothesis" activity in the scientific method tutorial? Why? If any‚ which mistake(s) did you make when picking a hypothesis? A hypothesis is a specific
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Chapter-11 Testing of Hypothesis: (Non-parametric Tests) Chapter-11: Testing of Hypothesis - (Non-parametric Tests) 2 11.1. Chi - square ( χ )Test / Distribution 2 11.1.1. Meaning of Chi - square ( χ )Test 2 11.1.2. Characteristics of Chi - square ( χ )Test 2 11.2. Types of Chi - square ( χ )Test / Distribution 2 11.2.1. Chi - square ( χ )Test for Population Variance 2 11.2.2. Chi - square ( χ )Test for Goodness-of-Fit 2 11.2.3. Chi - square ( χ )Test or Independence
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Test of Hypothesis – Large Sample Test Critical Value (Zx) | Level of Significance (x) | | 1% | 5% | Two tailed test | Z = 2.58 | Z = 1.96 | One tailed test | Z = 2.33 | Z = 1.64 | Q. Z= X- μ σ√n = x- μS.EX The mean height of a random sample of 100 students is 64” and standard deviation is 3”. Test the statement that the mean height of population is 67” at 5% level of significance. Solution: We are given n = 100
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I watched all episodes of season one Switched at Birth. The show is a one hour drama on ABC. It tells the lives of two teenage girls who discover they were accidentally switched as newborns in the hospital. They find out through a high school experiment that they are not the biological children of the parents they grew up with. Bay Kennish grew up in a wealthy family with two parents and a brother‚ while Daphne Vasquez‚ who lost her hearing at an early age due to a case of meningitis‚ grew up with
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