Investigating Use of Force Before and After Complaints: An Operational Template to Avoid Civil Liability Richard H. Martin‚ Auburn University Montgomery Jeffrey L. Gwynne‚ Auburn University Montgomery Charles A. Gruber‚ Chief (Ret.)‚ CAG Consultants Introduction Many police agencies lack policy‚ procedure‚ and diligence by police supervisors to investigate NON-excessive use of force incidents before a citizen files a formal complaint of a civil rights violation against the police. Police by
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popular types of arguments is the either-or fallacy‚ also known as black-and-white thinking‚ a false dilemma‚ or a fallacy of false choice. In the either-or fallacy‚ one side argues that there are only two resolutions to an issue‚ despite there possibly being hundreds. Fallacy is a misleading or deceptive notion‚ so by its very definition it should be obvious that the either-or fallacy is a weak argumentative style. People who use the either-or fallacy usually don’t have much evidence to prove their
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Eli Tooloee English 101 Olympic College Poulsbo Fall Quarter 2011 December 6th‚ 2011 3 Strikes Laws: Cruel and Unusual Punishment Washington State was the first in the nation to enact a “3 Strikes Law”‚ which provides for harsher sentencing for repeat offenders. While this sounds logical‚ the system used to determine these harsher sentences is deeply flawed and unconstitutional. 3 Strikes laws demand double the standard prison term for a second felony conviction‚ and mandatory sentences
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Petitio Principii: (circular reasoning‚ circular argument‚ begging the question) in general‚ the fallacy of assuming as a premiss a statement which has the same meaning as the conclusion. A. The least convincing kind of petitio principii is the repetition of the same words in the same order in both premiss and conclusion.. Generally‚ such an argument would not be misleading and would only be given in unusual circumstances‚ e.g.‚ the speaker is very tired‚ talking to a child‚ or talking to a
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Other Side‚ readers can understand the author uses a child-like tone‚ remarkable symbolism‚ and writes appropriately for young audiences. As portrayed in the story‚ readers can unconditionally recognize the authors child-like tone. Clover uses informal language such as “that girl didn’t” or “mamma.” This shows readers that the story is written to have a child-like tone. It is obvious that the intentional audience for The Other Side is children. The author writes from a child’s point of view; therefor
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Part 1 Question a Provide examples of how real world multinational corporations (MNC) reduce their translation‚ transaction and economic exposures. Translation exposure is the effect of changes in exchange rates on the accounting values of financial statements (Shapiro‚ 2010‚ p.356). The translation exposure arises from the conversion the financial statements denominated in foreign currency from denominated in home currency. The MNCs could reduce their translation by using funds adjustment
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4 Radius Images/Photolibrary Mistakes in Reasoning: The World of Fallacies Have you ever heard of Plato‚ Aristotle‚ Socrates? Morons! —Vizzini‚ The Princess Bride Section 4.1 What Is a Fallacy? CHAPTER 4 S o far we have looked at how to construct arguments and how to evaluate them. We’ve seen that arguments are constructed from sentences‚ with some sentences providing reasons‚ or premises‚ for another sentence‚ the conclusion. The purpose of arguments is to provide support
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Assumptions and Fallacies Critical and Creative Thinking University of Phoenix Appendix D: Assumptions and Fallacies • What are assumptions? How do you think assumptions might interfere with critical thinking? What might you do to avoid making assumptions in your thinking? Assumption is an idea one believes to be true based on prior experience or one’s belief systems. (Elder & Paul‚ 2002) Assumptions are a part of our belief system but we don’t know that they are true or not. Assumptions
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Most people would say their mental stability is more important than making a big play in a game. So why are athletes being allowed back on the field before they are fully healed? Unfortunately this happens more often then not. Athletes with injuries of any sorts‚ especially head injuries‚ should be sat out for long periods of time to heal properly. The effects of a concussion can sometimes last longer than the symptoms. This has become problematic because‚ athletes will believe they have healed
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Term paper ON Organizational Behavior & Structure Course Code: MBA-509 Subject: Impact of informal group on formal organization Submitted To: Salahuddin Ahmed Deputy Director Bangladesh Institute of Management(BIM)‚Chittagong Prepared By: Md. Monowar Hossain ID. 10435021 Batch – 52 Email:monowar_sagar@yahoo.com Cell: 01711785640 [pic] School of Business University of Information Technology and Science (UITS)‚ Chittagong‚ Campus. Letter Of Submission 25April‚ 2011 To The Course Teacher
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