Classical conditioning has become a part of daily life for the last 50 years or so. Though other forms of behavior modification have grown from the original experiments of the early behaviorist‚ classical conditioning has found a permanent place in society. Originally discovered by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov‚ classical conditioning is a learning process that occurs when associations are formed between an organism’s naturally occurring response and an environmental stimulus (Cherry‚ 2010).
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Outline and Evaluate Two Theories of Relationship Formation (24 marks) Byrne and Clores Reward/Need Satisfaction theory states that we will become attracted to a partner based on how that person makes us feel. Mutual attraction will occur when each partner meets the others’ needs. Stimuli in our lives can usually be seen as rewarding or punishing‚ rewarding stimuli making us happy and punishing stimuli having the opposite effect. We can also be attracted to someone through association of events
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SEGi University Experiment: Air Conditioning Module Candidate’s Name: Yeap Swee Sean Student ID: SCM-025695 Lecturer: Ms. Chan Yi Shee Date of Submission: 28th November 2013 1. Abstract The main purposes of this experiment are to allow students to get familiarized with air conditioning system and also to obtain experimental data so that the state point can be plotted on a psychrometric chart. The apparatus used in this experiment are SOLTEQ air-conditioning module (Model:HE166-02) which
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Describe and Evaluate Bowlby’s theory of attachment. An attachment refers to ‘a close two-way emotional relationship between two people. In Child Psychology this focus is on the main care-giver most commonly (but not exclusively) our mothers.’ According to Bowlby‚ children develop an attachment to one main caregiver which is qualitatively different than any others e.g. warm and continuous relationship with mother. This attachment has to occur within the sensitive period (6-24 months) or there could
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Describe and evaluate Milgram’s agency theory [12] Milgram’s agency theory basically states that you the state of mind you are in determines if you’re obedient or not. He argued that normally we operate in the autonomous state‚ where you assert control over yourself and what we do. An example of this is when faced with danger‚ most people will turn away to try and avoid conflict. Even if you decide not to walk away‚ this is still the autonomous state because you’re deciding what to do. There is
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Outline and evaluate The SLT theory of aggression. Aggression is defined by Baron & Richardson (1993) as ‘any form of behaviour directed towards the goal of harming or injuring another living being who is motivated to avoid such treatment’. According to Social Learning Theory aggressive behaviour is developed through the environment (rather than being an innate tendency – as the biological and psychoanalytical theories would suggest). If biological theories of aggression were faultless it
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1. Fitness Conditioning Lambert (2015) states that muscle power‚ which plays a role in the interaction between the force of contraction and the speed of contraction‚ is related with the explosiveness of the muscle. The relationship between force and speed of contraction and the following point at which peak power occurs‚ differs between backline rugby players‚ as each backline player has a different body shape an different strengths and weaknesses. He then says that speed consists of a number of
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Outline and evaluate Bowlby’s theory of attachment (12 marks) Bowlby was an evolutionary Psychologist who believed that attachment is a part of evolutionary behaviour and focus on an animal’s instinctive and innate capabilities‚ and the functions of their behaviour. They believe this is useful for learning about human instinctive and biological behaviour. Attachment behaviour keeps a young animal or human safe. It is behaviour seen in all species of animal. Many species of animal form rapid attachments
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There are four primary conditioning theories of behaviorism. These four theories are Pavlov’s (1849-1936) classical conditioning‚ Thorndike’s (1874-1949) connectionism (also known as law of effect)‚ Guthrie ’s (1886-1959) contiguous conditioning‚ and Skinner’s (1904-1990) operant conditioning. According to the text (Shunk 2012) Classical conditioning was discovered around the beginning of the 20th century by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov was studying digestive process in dogs when he
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Describe and evaluate gender schema theory. (8 marks +16 marks) Martin and Halverson (1981)‚ like Kohlberg‚ believed that gender development involves acquiring information about one’s own gender. However‚ Martin and Halverson argued that children start to learn about gender – appropriate behaviour before gender constancy is achieved. They claimed that basic gender identity (gender labelling) is sufficient for a child to identify him/herself as boy/girl and take an interest in what behaviours are
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