CHAPTER 2: RELEVANT REVENUES AND COSTS The primary goal of a firm is to maximize profits. This implies‚ of course‚ that each decision a manager makes is consistent with that goal. Although managers are expected to rely on internally-produced reports‚ such as balance sheets and income statements‚ to help them make decisions‚ most of the information that appears on these statements is period-based rather than decision-based. A balance sheet shows the sum total of a firm’s assets and liabilities
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is a part of: B. Conversion cost. Labor that cannot be physically traced to particular product is treated as indirect labor and as manufacturing overhead. Conversion cost is the sum of direct labor and manufacturing overhead. These costs are incurred to convert materials into the finished product. Indirect labor is treated as part of manufacturing overhead. 2. Prime cost and conversion cost share what common element of total cost? B. Direct labor. Prime cost is the sum of direct materials
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Cost Reduction in the Automobile Industry—Case Studies of the Chinese Market University of Halmstad School of Business and Engineering Master ’s Programme Master’ Cost Reduction in the Automobile Industry —— Case Studies of the Chinese market Studies October 25‚ 2012 Authors: Xu Zhiran ------ 890212-T253 Zhou Mengxiao------ 890315-T432 Supervisor: Nataliya Galan Examiner: Jonas.Gabrielsson i Cost Reduction in the Automobile Industry—Case Studies of the Chinese Market
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Cost structures Starbucks How Starbucks minimizes the impact of coffee prices I believe there are two explanations for the "irrelevance" of coffee prices. 1. Purchase contracts 2. Hedging Purchase contracts Starbucks buys most of its co ffee from suppliers through fixed-price commitments. This means that it won’t feel the effect of short-term fluctuations in coffee prices‚ as the price and quantity are fixed. I estimate that these commitments typically last around a year. Hedging
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Types of costs Classification of costs: • Materials – costs of raw materials‚ components and other goods used. • Labor – cost of employees wages and salaries. • Expenses – costs which cannot be included in materials and labor. Variable costs – these costs varies directly with changes in the level of quantity‚ over a defined period of time. Fixed costs – are not affected by the changes in the level of activity‚ over a defined period of time. Semi variable costs – for example
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Written by: Edmund Quek CHAPTER 6 THE THEORY OF COST LECTURE OUTLINE 1 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 INTRODUCTION SHORT-RUN THEORY OF COST Distinction between fixed cost and variable cost Total cost Marginal cost Average cost Relationship between marginal cost and average cost Optimum capacity LONG-RUN THEORY OF COST Cost minimisation in the long run Long-run average cost Productive efficiency References John Sloman‚ Economics William A. McEachern‚ Economics Richard G. Lipsey and
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COST ACCOUNTING-MMS FORMAT OF COST SHEET Opening stock of Raw Material XX Add: Raw material purchased XX Less: Closing Stock of Raw Material XX Raw Material Consumed ZZ Direct Labor XX Direct Expenses. XX PRIME COST ZZ Add: Factory Overheads: Indirect Material XX Indirect Labor XX Indirect Expenses XX GROSS WORKS COST/FACTORY COST ZZ Add: Opening WIP XX Less: Closing WIP XX COST OF GOODS MANUFACTURED
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FRANGOR SPA: STRATEGIC COST ANALYSIS FOR PROFIT RECOVERY by Riccardo Silvi Preliminary draft A) Overview and Strategic Financial Analysis Mr. Paolo Frangor was standing in front of the big window of his office. From there‚ he could see the wide square and the part of the building where the products -- machines for agriculture (rotary tillers‚ spading machines‚ harrows‚ …) -- were produced. He was satisfied with this new location. The bigger dimension‚ indeed‚ could help his employees do a better
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Chapter 4. Costs and Cost Minimization Problem Set 1. Suppose the production of airframes is characterized by a CES production function: Q = (L½ + K½)2. The marginal products for this production function are MPL = (L½ + K½)L−½ and MPK = (L½+ K½)K−½. Suppose that the price of labor is $10 per unit and the price of capital is $1 per unit. Find the cost-minimizing combination of labor and capital for an airframe manufacturer that wants to produce 121‚000 airframes. The tangency condition
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leLECTURE 5a Cost Estimation/Segregation Techniques Cost estimation is a term used to describe the measurement of historical cost so as to be able to predict future costs for management decision making. That is‚ historical information is analyzed to provide estimates on which to base future operational To do cost estimation‚ it is important for the Accountants to be able to ascertain the activity level as well as cost drivers which exert main influence on the company activity. A cost driver is
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