Cost Classifications and Estimation 2.0 Introduction Cost classification may be defined as ‘the arrangement of cost items in a logical sequence having regard to their nature and purpose to be fulfilled’. The term cost must be qualified when in use in order that its precise meaning is established in a particular situation; however‚ cost refers to the amount of resources that have been diverted from other uses or sacrificed so as to achieve the desired objective. But the term is used to refer to
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CHAPTER 3 COST-VOLUME-PROFIT ANALYSIS TRUE/FALSE 1. To perform cost-volume-profit analysis‚ a company must be able to separate costs into fixed and variable components. Answer: True Difficulty: 1 Objective: 1 Terms to Learn: cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis 2. Cost-volume-profit analysis may be used for multi-product analysis when the proportion of different products remains constant. Answer: True Difficulty: 1 Objective: 1 Terms to Learn: cost-volume-profit
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Cost Classification Introduction: In this assignment I will be discussing how costs incurred in any organization may be classified in a number of different ways for a number of different purposes. I will also be looking to find companies that use a variety of different costing techniques and methods. I will also be discussing the comparisons between marginal and absorption costing and how the concept of activity based costing can also be compared with these. To complete the assignment I will
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Foundations Paper I chose to write about The United Way of America. The reason I chose this organization was because I have seen pretty much advertised in many human service place. Even as a kid‚ I can recall seeing at least the well-known logo that identifies the organization. Before researching and gathering the information needed to complete this paper‚ I knew that this organization was a well known nationally established entity. What I did not know was the extent of it service. I was
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has a tradition al cost sys tem. It calc ulates a p lant-wide overhead rate by dividing total overhead costs by total direct labor hours. Assume‚ for the calculations below‚ that plant overhead is a committed (fixed) cost during the year‚ but that direct labor is a variable cost. • Calculate the plant-wide overhead rate. Use this rate to assign overhead costs to products and calculate the profitability of the four products. The assignment spreadsheet provides a starting point for your calculations
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source same End result ! ends with financial statements ! integral part of other business aspects B. Cost Accounting Terminology 1. Nature of Cost Cost - A sacrifice of resources: Cost is a measurement in monetary terms of the amount of resources used for some purpose. Expense - The cost charged against revenue in a particular accounting period. 2. Purposes of Gathering Cost Information Routine decision making:
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successful cost reduction programmes In the current economic climate‚ most organisations must face up to a prolonged period of extreme competition and funding restrictions. This is particularly the case if the past few years have been focused on growth‚ service improvement or reorganisation (i.e. cost efficiency has not been a recent priority). Such pressures require an approach that reduces costs in a strategic‚ disciplined‚ and sustainable manner - delivered at pace. In our view serious cost reduction
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Biyani’s Think Tank Concept based notes Cost Accounting [ B.Com. Part-II] B.N. Gaur MBA‚ PGDBM‚ Lecturer Deptt. of Commerce & Management Biyani Girls College‚ Jaipur Fore more detail:- http://www.gurukpo.com Published by : Think Tanks Biyani Group of Colleges Concept & Copyright : ©Biyani Shikshan Samiti Sector-3‚ Vidhyadhar Nagar‚ Jaipur-302 023 (Rajasthan) Ph : 0141-2338371‚ 2338591-95 • Fax : 0141-2338007 E-mail : acad@biyanicolleges.org Website :www.gurukpo.com; www
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Break-even Analysis The annual maintenance coast of machine shop is P 69‚994. If the cost of making a forging is P 56 per unit and its selling price is P 135 per forged unit‚ find the number of unit to be forged to break-even. Solution: Let: x = number of units to be forged to break-even Income = 135x Expenses = 69‚994 + 56x To break-even: Income = Expenses 135x = 69‚994 + 56x 79x =69‚994 x = 886 units Steel drum manufacturer incurs a yearly fixed operating
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11 Allocation of Joint Costs and Accounting for By-Product/Scrap Objectives After completing this chapter‚ you should be able to answer the following questions: LO.1 LO.2 LO.3 LO.4 LO.5 How are the outputs of a joint process classified? What management decisions must be made before beginning a joint process? How is the joint cost of production allocated to joint products? How are by-product and scrap accounted for? How should not-for-profit organizations account for the cost of a joint activity?
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