Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapeutic approach that addresses dysfunctional emotions‚ behaviours‚ and cognitions through a goal-oriented‚ systematic process. The name refers to behaviour therapy‚ cognitive therapy‚ and to therapy based upon a combination of basic behavioural and cognitive research. CBT was primarily developed through an integration of behaviour therapy (first popularized by Edward Thorndike) with cognitive therapy (developed by Aaron Beckand and Albert Ellis)
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Outline and Evaluate The Cognitive Interview (12 marks) The cognitive interview was created by Fisher and Gieselman in 1992‚ the cognitive interview is a technique which aims to bring out more accurate information from eye witnesses. It consists of four stages; the interviewee is asked to mentally recreate the environment from the original incident including weather conditions and their feelings. The interviewee is asked to report every single detail of the incident even if it may seem irrelevant
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Cognitive Dissonance Classic in Psychology Areej Alemer [Instructor’s Name] [Class Title] [Date] Cognitive Dissonance Classic in Psychology Introduction There were famous experiments conducted in psychology and many of these experiments gave scientists a new perspective on understanding people. In the 1950s‚ scientists began conducting test about the effect of social pressures and influence to the behavior of people. Among these scientists is Leon Festinger. He became
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In this essay I am going to explore two of the major approaches to Psychology‚ Cognitive theories and Behaviourist theories. I will discuss in some detail the two approaches‚ state how they compare and illustrate the similarities and the differences between them. John Watson‚ one of the founders of Behaviourism‚ based his theories on the principles of learning outlined by Pavlov who suggested the theory known as Classical Conditioning; he trained dogs to salivate whenever he rang a bell
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Leon Ferstinger in 1957 developed a theory of cognitive dissonance. His theory sugguest that we all have an inner drive to stay true to our attitudes and beliefs to keep a balanced life. When Ferstinger first introduced the term cognitive dissonance to indicate the discomfort we feel whenever we inconsistent notions at the same time. This discomfort or dissonance motivates us to expend behavioral effort to reduce it and restore cognitive consistency Cognitive dissonance is a situation that involes conflict
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Musical Development as a Cognitive Ability Cognitive Psychology Abstract This paper discusses theories of cognitive development and its relationship to musical development. Cognitive development is closely related to musical development and learning. Jean Piaget developed theories of the cognitive development in children. Musicologists have developed theories on how musical development has cognitive components. Cognitive development is acquired through interaction with an environment‚ just
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Hambrick Psychology 101 Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development Jean Piaget is a Swiss developmental psychologist and philosopher known for his epistemological studies with children. Piaget believed that children play an active role in the growth of intelligence. He regarded children as philosophers who perceive the world as he or she experiences it (ICELS). Therefore in Piaget’s most prominent work‚ his theory on the four stages of cognitive development‚ much of his inspiration came from
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Weaknesses There are numerous benefits to using cognitive behavioral therapy to treat ADHD. First‚ as we discussed earlier‚ cognitive behavioral therapy does not have the risks of undesirable side effects like psychotropic medication. Second‚ the coping skills taught to the client during therapy can be used long after therapy has been terminated‚ unlike medication that needs to be continually administered to treat ADHD symptoms. Another benefit is that cognitive behavioral therapy is a closed-end treatment
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The cognitive causal model of depression is the model with the most empirical evidence in treating depression. According to this model‚ it is one’s cognitions - thoughts and beliefs- that shape one’s behaviors and emotions. The most prominent proponent of the cognitive model of depression is Aaron Beck. He proposed that depressive symptoms result when people’s attributions for external events are based on maladaptive beliefs and attitudes (Persons‚ Davison‚ Tompkins). The cognitive model of depression
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Evaluate/Compare and Contrast/Discuss/Examine models or theories of one cognitive process with reference to research studies (22) Human beings actively process information and it is cognitive processes that guide behavior. These cognitive processes are influenced by social and cultural factors. One of the cognitive processes is memory. Many researchers and psychologies have proved that the mind can be studies scientifically by developing theories and using a number of scientific research methods
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