clear room for a field. The ground is then lightly ploughed and seed is sown broadcast and racked into the soil at the first fall of rain. The soil gives rise to a better yield as it is immensely fertile owing to the wood ashes and accumulated humus. After two or three years’ crop‚ when the fertility of the soil is seriously reduced‚ the people again change their land of cultivation. Thus the essential feature of shifting cultivation is the rotation of fields rather than crops. As a result
Premium Soil Agriculture Erosion
pile was done in every 3 months for smooth decomposition. At the simplest level‚ the process of composting simply requires making a heap of wetted organic matter (leaves‚ "green" food waste‚ dung etc.) and waiting for the materials to break down into humus after a period of weeks or months. Modern‚ methodical composting is a multi-step‚ closely monitored process with measured inputs of water‚ air‚ and carbon- and nitrogen-rich materials. The decomposition process is aided by shredding the plant matter
Premium Composting
Manures The deficiency of plant nutrients and organic matter in the soil is made up by adding manures and fertilizers to the soil of crop-fields. Both manures and fertilizers are major sources of nutrients of plants‚ so they are used in crop production. Besides water CO2 and sunlight plants required no. of elements for their growth. These elements are known as nutrient. Plants get their elements from the salt of these elements present in the soil. But after repeated cultivation of plants soil become
Premium Fertilizer Nitrogen Soil
BIOSPHERE - region which is covered with life - the highest level of organization in the natural world 3 Components 1. Hydrosphere- water which includes water from seas‚ oceans‚ rivers‚ lakes‚ moisture in soil‚ groundwater and frozen water in polar ice caps plus moisture in the air 2. Atmosphere- gases 3. Lithosphere- land portion of the earth‚ made up of solid rocks and soils PHYSIOGNOMY OBSERVATIONS OF EARLY NATURALIST EXPLORERS 1. Plant communities from different regions of the world were
Premium Earth Tropics Arctic Circle
Discuss the characteristics of a biome you have studied. Biomes are large world regions in which climate‚ soils‚ natural vegetation and animal life are all interrelated. The biome that i have studied is the desert biome. Dry Climate Desert climate is very dry‚ with a yearly rainfall of between 0 and 250mm. Although deserts are very dry regions‚ very few deserts are completely dry. Parts of the Atacama Desert in Chile are said to be the driest places on earth. They receive an average of less than
Premium Desert Precipitation
agricultural orient the distribution and density of population have conformed to the persisting patterns of soil fertility and productivity. Soil is basically broken-down rock materials and consists of decomposed rock debris and decayed organic matter(humus) which have been produced by weathering. According to Arthur Holmes From a geological point of view soil may be defined as the surface layer of the mantle of rock-waste in which the physical and chemical processes of weathering co-operate in intimate
Premium Soil
India have old infertile soil * Litter (dead leaves and branches on the soils surface) * Humus: Black or dark brown organic material that remains after decomposition has occurred. * Illiviation: The deposition of leached material in the lower layers of soil * Soil Horizons: * O-horizon (accumulation of plant litter) * A-horizon (accumulation of organic matter of humus) * E-horizon (heavily leached) * B-horizon (accumulation of clay and nutrient
Premium Soil
Question: Explain how human activities can interrupt or modify the nutrient cycles in the coniferous forest. Refer in detail to examples you have studied. Attempt to show as annotated diagrams the altered minerals nutrient cycle. Essay: The coniferous forest occurs in cold climates to the poleward side of 60 N in Eurasia and North America as well as high attitudes in more temperate latitudes and in Southern Chile. It has an average NPP of 800g/m/yr. There is usually only one layer of vegetation
Premium Soil Plant Water cycle
resources because most plants grow in it. The pH‚ humus content‚ texture‚ water retention capacity and air content of the soil can have an effect on the ecosystem. - Soil pH + soil pH is the acidity or alkalinity that is present in soil. + the best pH for soil to grow in is between 6‚0 and 7‚5 pH. + some plants will only grow in specific pH levels. + the pH levels are determined by the type of rock the soil is made from. - Humus content + A dark brown mixture of organic compounds
Premium Ecosystem Heat Water
Characteristics: i. Special adaptations that enable to survive on dry and nutrient-poor soil. ii. Hardy plants which usually have dense root systems to bind sand particles and hold water and humus. iii. Short life cycle iv. When die‚ their remains add to the humus content of the soil. v. Modify the environment 3. Successor species b. Characteristics: vi. Plants grow bigger vii. Have small wind-dispersable seeds which are able
Premium Root Soil Mangrove