Social bond theory was originally constructed by Travis Hirschi in 1969. According to Hirschi (1969)‚ "we are moral beings to the extent we are social beings." A social bond in essence would have to refer the the connection between what an individual and society are holding together. Social bond theory hypothesizes that deviance would occur when the social bond is weak or lacking in one of the four elements. According to Hirschi (1969) there are four elements of a social bond‚ attachment‚ commitment
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INTRODUCTION 1.1 WHAT IS BOND? In finance‚ a bond is an instrument of indebtedness of the bond issuer to the holders. It is a debt security‚ under which the issuer owes the holders a debt and‚ depending on the terms of the bond‚ is obliged to pay them interest (the coupon) and/or to repay the principal at a later date‚ termed the maturity. Interest is usually payable at fixed intervals (semi-annual‚ annual‚ and sometimes monthly). Very often the bond is negotiable‚ i.e. the ownership of the
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bail bonds. Bail bonds are basically contractual undertakings between the person posting bail and the bail bond broker. With the bail bond‚ it is the responsibility of the bail bond broker to promise the appearing of the defendant in court when summoned. It is usually kith or kin who contacts the bail agent for the release of the defendant through a bail bond. The bail amount for the defendant is decided by the judge‚ where the bail agent receives a percentage of the amount. Once the bail bond is
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molecule with covalent bond o Formula unit with ionic bond * Molecules: formed by covalent bonds * Lattice energy is the energy released in the formation of an ionic compound. DEFINITION: The formation of an IONIC BOND is the result of the transfer of one or more electrons from a metal onto a non-metal. Characteristics of both bonds: * Occur between 2 atoms * Composed of 2 electrons * Have both ionic and covalent characteristics * Together = 100% * Both bonds are measured on
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106 B lo o m b e r g M a r k e t s February 2003 FO CUS S yn d i c a t e d L o a n s Comparing a Syndicated Loan With a Bond Use the Asset Swap Calculator to evaluate pricing spreads. B y ‚how do you determine whether an John Bridge the top of the screen. However‚ the OAS isn’t directly comparable to the discount margin because of the way the OAS gets calculated. The OAS uses unique current spot‚ or zero‚ rates to discount cash flows according to their terms along the entire swap
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RATES AND BOND VALUATION L E A R N I N G LG1 Describe interest rate fundamentals‚ the term structure of interest rates‚ and risk premiums. LG2 Review the legal aspects of bond financing and bond cost. LG3 LG4 Discuss the general features‚ quotations‚ ratings‚ popular types‚ and international issues of corporate bonds. LG5 LG6 G O A L S Apply the basic valuation model to bonds and describe the impact of required return and time to maturity on bond values. Explain
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The Ford Motor Company was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16‚ 1903 in Detroit. Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines. Henry Ford’s methods came to be known around the world as Fordism by 1914. At around year 2005 “the Detroit big three” viz. GM‚ Daimler and Ford were facing intense challenges in their home market. By
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How do ionic bonds form? Transferring the electron forms an ionic bond. After transferring the electron‚ the two atoms become ion n will attract together because they have the opposite charges. Then an ionic bond is formed. How do covalent bonds form? A covalent bond is for sharing of electrons. I remember it like co-existing electrons to share (Eg H20). It is usually between two non-metals. Which compound‚ sugar or salt‚ is a better conductor of electricity? Explain your answer. Salt
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There are no simple or perfect relationships between mothers and daughters. Relationships are a delicate balance between the love and emotions of two individuals. They are ever changing and evolving‚ and are each unique as the people in them. Amy Tan’s novels offer an inside glimpse into several intricate mother daughter relationships. Her characters suffer hardships as well as times of joy. There are many similarities in the mother and daughter relationships in the books by Amy Tan. One of the
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molecular oxides on the right. Sodium peroxide‚ magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide are metallic oxide which have high melting and boiling point compared to other period 3 oxide. This is due to their giant ionic structure and the strong ionic bond. Strong ionic bond in the molecule need more energy to overcome it. Therefore‚ the more energy required‚ the higher the melting and boiling point. Aluminum oxide will have higher melting and boiling point than magnesium oxide because Al3+ ions having
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