Introduction: Hydraulic fracturing‚ which is more commonly known as fracking‚ is a process where a large volume of water mixed with other chemicals and components is injected into the ground at a high pressure. This causes cracks or fissures to form which releases the natural gases into wells that have been built for collection as (shown in figure 1). Figure 1 This process is currently being debated within South Africa‚ where companies such as Shell and Chevron are suggesting that this process
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the attention of President Obama in his 2012 State of the Union speech. While geologists have known of the Marcellus Shale for years‚ early estimates of the amount of natural gas contained within it were fairly low. However‚ the use of the hydraulic fracturing (hydrofracking) drilling technique has dramatically increased the amount of natural gas that is recoverable (Geology.com). Current estimates suggest that reserves in the Marcellus Shale could meet U.S. energy demand for six years (Buurma‚ 2012)
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SPE 37131 A Review of Horizontal Drilling and Completion Techniques for Recovery of Coalbed Methane Samuel O. Osisanya‚ The University of Oklahoma‚ SPE and Robert F. Schaffitzel‚ Texaco Exploration and Production Inc.‚ SPE XW1- *- c#Polrdwm EngkOm‚lnc. Thb ~ua pmpuulfwpmnntdim atlhclSSS SPElnWmdlmul onbmnwM C HwizoIIW WtilTuhndogy holdInCalguy‚CMSOQ 1S-20NOWMOW 1SSS. CUmdm08 fdlowlng lhb~umuhcbdfwpm un tdion by MSPE~ mvicWOfinlOrnum onwntaln.dinanabdmct 8ubl?M0d bym0wm01@)
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(Huffman). Once a harmful occurrence has become the norm‚ the situation has now defiantly become a dilemma that needs to be addressed. The residence that allowed the oil industry to perform hydraulic fracking surely did not account for the damages that would ensue because of the ramification done by hydraulic
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One of the most significant current discussions in sustainable aviation is alternative fuel for airplane‚ which is a serious argument; however‚ big question is that efforts to produce a more sustainable fuel to power aircraft are technically and ethically feasible. This paper going to investigate and show there is no alternative fuel to power aircraft in this time. The fuel using by airplane is fossil fuel‚ which is Jet A1 by burning this fuel there are impact on the global warming the researcher
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Renewing America’s Energy Dropping gas prices‚ hills covered in rows of wind turbines‚ panels that flash the dessert with glare from the sun‚ and newly formed boomtowns that have doubled their population in four years. While this may seem like a foreign nation sometime in the future‚ this is the US in the present day. The story behind the success is the result of a basic economics principle: when a producer begins to make a higher profit on his product‚ more producers join this industry. This has
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Can Fracking Solve the Global Energy Crisis? Hydraulic fracturing or better known as fracking is a very contentious and cost-saving procedure in which fossil fuels are extracted from the earths crust. Instead of conventional oil drilling‚ it is used to exploit any possible sources of oil and natural gas‚ beyond the major known well sites. It was introduced in the 1940s and since then the practice has become increasingly controversial regarding its environmental impact. The pros and cons of this
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and in 1961 was when the oil drilling in this area started occurring. Originally they started drilling by conventional vertical wells and as time went on they advanced to more efficient ways including horizontal wells and finally ending with hydraulic fracturing that is being used today. It hasn’t just been in the past ten years that oil drilling has been going
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2014 Team 2: Oilfield Services Industry Analysis Oilfield service companies have had a stronghold in the drilling industry since the advent of directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing. While the former was first used on production well sites in the late 1940s‚ the latter was invented in 1947 by Floyd Farris and J.B. Clark. However even with these technologies being available as early as the 1940s‚ the first real commercially repeatable systems was used in the 1990’s‚ pioneered by
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Due to the diminishing of conventional fuels across the world‚ governments and companies are looking to unconventional fuel resources. This means the fuel is extracted via another method then the conventional well strategy. These resources include fracturing of oil and gas source rocks‚ methane hydrates‚ tar sands and coal seam gasification. There are benefits such as energy security and economic growth associated with these resources. However‚ there are environmental disadvantages which may prove
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