3/22/2012 ARYL HALIDES 2. displacement reactions of diazonium salts ARYL HALIDES General formula: Ar–X where X = F‚ Cl‚ Br or I Examples Structure: C-X bonds are shorter and stronger Bond C-Cl C-Br Ar-X 1.69 A° 1.86 A° R-X 1.77 1.91 Dipole moments are unusually small. Bond C-Cl Preparation: 1. electrophilic aromatic substitution – useful only if one product is obtained C-Br Ar-X 1.7 D 1.7 D R-X 2.10 D 2.15 D Dipole moments may cancel out depending on the geometry of the
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Experiment #7 Fall 2014 Dehydration of an alcohol NAME Nick Weinberger POSTLAB 1. Show the mechanism for the dehydration of -tetralol under conditions employed in the lab. Show all intermediates‚ and show electron flow with arrows. 2. What general mechanism most likely applies to this reaction (SN2‚ E2 etc)? E1 3. Why was acid employed in this reaction? The acid was used to protonate the leaving group (OH) to form water which is a much better leaving
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Compounds containing aromatic groups are widespread in nature‚ and for this reason chemists who aim to synthesize naturally occurring compounds in the laboratory often need to introduce substituents to aromatic rings. In the organic synthesis laboratory‚ electrophilic aromatic substitutions which result in the formation of new carbon-carbon bonds are called ‘Friedel-Crafts’ alkylations and acylations‚ named for Charles Friedel of France and James Crafts of the United States‚ who together developed
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Memorandum To: Team at Social Responsibility Project From: Mr. Nicholas Tan‚ Associate at Social Responsibility Project Re: Environmental risks involved in pipeline construction As we know‚ the recent Northern Gateway Pipeline proposes to build 2 parallel pipelines that stretch across from the oil sands of Alberta to the BC Coast of Kitimat. This Northern Gateway Pipeline has stirred negative controversy lately due to its impact on the local community during its construction. A key stakeholder
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Experiment B10- Photocromism and Piezochromism Reece Harms 4320288 Introduction This experiment investigates an oxidative coupling reaction in an to synthesise triphenylimidazole dimer from 2‚4‚5-triphenyl-1H-imidazole. The resulting compound was investigated for both photochromic and piezochromic properties by way of formation of a stable radical‚ utilizing visual observations and UV-Vis as a means of distinction. Both the oxidative coupling reaction and the dimers interaction with light
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Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons from Crude Oil by Pseudomonas putida A Project done under the guidance of Dr. K. Bharathi Department of Biotechnology. Submitted to the faculty Of Department of Biotechnology National Institute Of Technology‚ Warangal (A.P) Submitted By Febin P. Nalpady‚ Anzal Rahman‚ Shruti Sharma‚ Sindhuja Nandiraju‚ Giraboina
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Rhodococcus SPECIES IN VARIOUS APPLICATIONS THROUGH FOUR MAIN MECHANISMS; CATABOLIZATION‚ BIOCONVERSION‚ BIODEGARDATION AND BIODESULPHURISATION. By ZAINAL ABIDIN BIN ABU BAKAR Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Sciences‚ Universiti Industri Selangor‚ in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Bachelor of Biotechnology Industry (Hons) May 2009 1 I hereby declare that the thesis is based on my original work except for quotations and citations
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H. sp. KHS3 is a moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated seawater of the Mar del Plata harbour (D’Ippólito et al.‚ 2011). In this work‚ we demonstrated that H. KHS3 can grow using different monoaromatic and polyaromatic compounds as the only carbon and energy source in a saline environment. Besides‚ we demonstrated for the first time the 4-HBA and BA degradation ability of H. sp. KHS3. Several Halomonas strains have been described as efficient aromatic compounds degraders
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AS LEVEL CHEMISTRY ASSESSED HOMEWORK Answer all questions Max 86 marks Name …………………………………………………………….. Mark ……../86 ……....% Grade ……… 1. The graph below shows the boiling points of some alkanes. (a) Draw a smooth curve through the points on the graph and estimate the boiling points of octane C8H18‚ ……………… hexadecane‚ C16H34 .……………… [2] (b) State how decane‚ C10H22‚ can be separated from a mixture of the alkanes. .......................................
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Procion Red Dye dilutions at λmax. The slope of the calibration curve was used to determine the concentration of the analytes. As a result‚ charcoal was shown to be the more effective sequestration agent. Introduction PAHs‚ polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons‚ are organic compounds that are toxic to the environment. They are inevitably produced from the incomplete combustion of gasoline or coal that originates in industrial and agricultural processes1. PAHs are also water pollutants and may be found
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