The Earth’s atmosphere has changed over billions of years‚ but for the past 200 million years it has been much as it is today. We are‚ however‚ causing our atmosphere to change by human activity. Burning fossil fuels and deforestation are two examples of human effect on the environment. Composition of the Earth’s atmosphere The composition of air You need to know the proportions of the main gases in the atmosphere. The Earth’s atmosphere has remained much the same for the past 200 million years
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is used in the petroleum refinery to crack larger molecules and/or to remove S‚ N and metals from petroleum derived feed stocks such as‚ gas-oil and heavy oil. Hydrocracking is a process in which higher hydro carbons are converted into smaller hydrocarbon .The rate of cracking depends on several factors like temperature ‚catalyst. Its main objective is to remove feed contaminants and to convert low value gasoil to valuble products.Purpose of hydrocracking severe form of hydroprocessing is to break
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fuels‚ can it meet all of society’s needs or is it time for us to look at other alternatives before it is too late? The increasing pollution and price of energy has once again ignited the debate about options for future energy. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbon deposits also known as coal‚ crude oil and gas derived from the remains of organic prehistoric plants and animals. They have taken many millions of years to form. Coal is ground to a fine dust when crushed and this is burnt in a combustion chamber
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Centre Number For Examiner’s Use Candidate Number Surname Other Names Examiner’s Initials Candidate Signature Question General Certificate of Secondary Education Higher Tier June 2013 Science A CH1HP H Unit Chemistry C1 Chemistry Unit Chemistry C1 Monday 10 June 2013 1.30 pm to 2.30 pm Mark 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 TOTAL For this paper you must have: a ruler the Chemistry Data Sheet (enclosed). You may use a calculator. Time allowed 1 hour Instructions Use black ink or black ball-point
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MACROMOLECULES OF LIFE DEFINITIONS INORGANIC CHEMISTRY A branch of chemistry which studies the structures‚ synthesis and reactions of compounds other than HYPERLINK http//searchbox.hyperdictionary.com/dictionary/hydrocarbons t _blank hydrocarbons and their derivatives ORGANIC CHEMISTRY A branch of chemistry that deals specifically with the structures‚ synthesis and reactions of carbon-containing compounds. CHEMICAL BONDS When two or more atoms are bonded together to form new and more complex aggregates
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failure effects System failure effects Symptoms Rectification Corrective action Seal Scored or damaged Relief valve leaks Hydrocarbon gas leaks from system and pressure falls Noise of leaking gas. Pressure reduction Replace valve Piston seal Leaking or damaged (e.g. chemical reaction) Pressure above piston drops and relief valve opens spuriously Hydrocarbon gas spuriously vented from system Spurious opening of relief valve Replace valve Choose materials resistive to chemical attacks
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graduate studies in Petroleum Engineering focusing on Enhanced oil/ Heavy oil Recovery (EOR). I am interested in the fundamental and applied research in thermal‚ gas and chemical EOR technologies. Given that the world average recovery factor from hydrocarbon reservoirs is stuck in the mid- 30 per cent range‚ raising the recovery factor is a challenge that global effort for some time now has been trying to solve. Overcoming this challenge will alleviate a number of issues related to global energy supply
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undesirable aesthetic and physiological effects. The main pollutants contributed by automobiles‚ electric power generating stations‚ industrial and domestic fuel consumption‚ refuse burning‚ industrial processing etc. are carbon monoxide (CO)‚ unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC)‚ oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and Lead. An aqua silencer is an attempt mainly dealing with control of emission and noise. The noise and smoke level is considerably less than the conventional silencer‚ it is cheaper‚ no need of catalytic converter
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critical environmental issue that can have fatal health impacts on people of all ages‚ especially children‚ in both developed and developing countries. Exposure to air pollutants like ground-level ozone‚ particulate matter‚ and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can have damaging effects on fetal and early childhood development such
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copyright protection under the Act. Do not remove this notice. 3 © Kaplan Higher Education Pty Ltd 2012 trading as Kaplan Online Higher Education Hydrocarbons (Carbon + Hydrogen) • Crude Oil – long chain‚ liquid hydrocarbon compounds – Light – kerosene‚ petroleum‚ diesel – Heavy – wax‚ bitumen – Sweet and Sour (sulphur contents) • Gas - short chain‚ gaseous hydrocarbon compounds Octane: C8H18 is refined into petrol Methane: CH4 is a – Natural Gas: methane‚ ethane‚ plus others – Liquefied Petroleum
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