BIO ETHANOL FUEL OUT OF FERMENTED BANANA (Musa balbasiana) PEELINGS Authors/ Researchers: Asprec‚ ‚ Centeno‚ Cruz‚ Jumadiao‚ Sanchez‚ Silaya‚ The Problem and Its Background Background of the study Bio-ethanol fuel has been used through these times and produced in many places specifically in Brazil and United States which contributes to the 87.1% bio-ethanol production in the world. Besides from being eco-friendly‚ inexpensive and less toxic‚ it is more preferred as a fuel for the materials
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engineers called John Mooney and Carl Keith. The catalytic converter is placed under the front seat by most carmakers. (See photo) ) Cars produce a lot of harmful emissions‚ but the main ones are: carbon monoxide which is a piousness gas‚ hydrocarbons which is mostly produced by evaporated‚ unburned fuel and nitrogen oxides‚ which cause irritation to human mucus membranes. But how does a catalytic converter help reduce the emissions? To answer this question‚ we first need to look into what
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H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H O-Na+ This is an example of a soap molecule. The hydrocarbon end is non polar and hydrophilic (water hating) and the carboxylate end is polar and hydrophilic (water loving). This the property which allows it to clean‚ it acts as an emulsifying agent. The soap disperses in water to form miscelles where a negatively charged surface is formed and hydrocarbon chains are in the centre. These miscelles surround
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areas‚ cars‚ buses‚ trucks‚ and off-highway mobile sources such as construction vehicles and boats produce at least half of the Hydrocarbons and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) expelled into the air (EPA 2). These Hydrocarbons and Nitrogen Oxides are two of many chemicals and particulate matter that make up air pollution. Although automobiles do not account for 100% of these Hydrocarbon and Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) emissions‚ there ranking as a 50% contributor is quite significant. Automobiles are in fact the largest
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(Naphthalene) Combustion Introduction of the Product: Naphthalene is an organic compound with formula C10H8. It is the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon‚ and is a white crystalline solid with a characteristic odor that is detectable at concentrations as low as 0.08 ppm by mass. As an aromatic hydrocarbon‚ naphthalene’s structure consists of a fused pair of benzene rings. It is best known as the main ingredient of traditional mothballs. Explanation: It’s formed by 10
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two carbon atoms in a carbon chain‚ are called unsaturated organic compounds. 10. Hydrocarbons : Organic compounds which contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms are called hydrocarbons. 11. Straight chain hydrocarbons : Hydrocarbons‚ in which all the carbon atoms are linked to one another in a straight chain by a single covalent bond are called straight chain hydrocarbons. 12. Branched chain hydrocarbons : Hydrocarbons‚ in which one or more carbon atoms are attached to the main straight chain of carbon
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fact‚ often more desirable to show only those ions that are actually taking part in the actual reaction. Equations of this type are called net ionic equations. Combustion of Hydrocarbons: Another important type of reaction‚ in addition to the four types above‚ is that of the combustion of a hydrocarbon. When a hydrocarbon is burned with sufficient oxygen supply‚ the products are always carbon dioxide and water vapor. If the supply of oxygen is low or restricted‚ then carbon monoxide will be produced
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carbon monoxide‚ oxides of nitrogen‚ hydrocarbons and particulates which cause great harm to people who breath them and pollutes environment. And also they react with environmental gases to create further toxic gases (Secondary
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contain only carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. The simplest hydrocarbons are the alkanes which contain only single covalent bonds. Methane is the simplest alkane. It is also the major component of natural gas. Methane contains only 1 carbon in the molecular formula and the structural formula. There is ethane which is 2 carbons‚ propane that is 3‚ butane which is 4‚ pentane which is 5 and so on. There are also alkenes. Alkenes are hydrocarbons containing carbon-carbon double covalent bonds
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with sophisticated measuring instruments begins the angle drilling creating a new horizontal path into the shale formation. Step 4: The cement and casing are then pressure tested to ensure hydrocarbons and other fluids don’t seep out. Step 4: The cement and casing are then pressure tested to ensure hydrocarbons and other fluids don’t seep out. Step 3: Cement is then poured into this tubing throughout‚ displacing any remaining fluids and securing the casing in place. Step 3: Cement is then poured
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