Standardization of NaOH and Determination of Unknown Acid KEYWORDS: quantitative analysis‚ titration‚ buret‚ endpoint‚ standardization‚ half-equivalence point‚ calorimetric titration‚ potentiometric titration ABSTRACT: The concentration of sodium hydroxide was determined by colorimetric titration‚ and the identity of an unknown acid was determined by potentiometric titration. In the first titration‚ a strong acid standard‚ potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP)‚ was used‚ to determine the concentration
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substances containing loosely held ions which are to be exchanged with other ions in solutions which come in contact with them. These exchanges take place without any physical alterations to be the ion exchange material. Ion exchangers are insoluble acids or bases which have salts which are insoluble‚ and this enables them to exchange either positively charged ions (cations exchanges) r negatively charged one (anion exchangers). Many natural substances such as proteins‚ cellulose‚ living cells and soil
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pestle - test tube rack - magnet - test tube holder - insulating pad - watch glass - safety goggles - glass square - lab apron or coat - copper sulfate pentahydrate - iron fillings - sodium chloride - magnesium ribbon - hydrochloric acid - paper (5 cm x 10 cm) - silver nitarate - birthday candle - sulfur - matches Procedure: 1. Place a small amount of wax from a birthday candle into a test tube. Heat gently over a burner flame until the wax melts completely;
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experimental techniques which can be used to tell us where the atoms are located in a molecule. Using advanced techniques‚ very complicated structures for proteins‚ enzymes‚ DNA‚ and RNA have been determined. Molecular geometry is associated with the chemistry of vision‚ smell and odors‚ taste‚ drug reactions and enzyme controlled reactions to name a few.
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Wings Chips is a story about a father and daughter who are English living in a predominately French town in Canada. If you study and read this story enough you can learn many life lessons from it. The main theme of the story is that even though many people have different beliefs and come from different cultures they wish to have the respect of others‚ and be accepted by others. The characters in this story have very strong beliefs. At the end of the story the different cultures in the small town
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Great Britain and Greece over the Elgin Marbles has been going on for several hundred years. Ironically‚ Greece did not exist at the time of the catalyst. It all started in 1801 when the British Lord Elgin‚ the ambassador to the Ottoman Turks‚ began to move the marbles from present-day Greece to London. The marbles in question are from the world-famous Parthenon structure in the Athens Acropolis. The temple was built nearly 2‚500 years ago. The Elgin Marbles are a set of eighty yards of the Parthenon’s
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soluble in it at low temperatures • impurities are either soluble at all temps or insoluble at all temps (can be filtered off) 2) Dissolve impure solid • weigh out crude solid and record its mass (also take a melting point for reference) • add a boiling chip or boiling stick (otherwise‚ it may "bump" and spill) • use a minimum amount of hot solvent (Add a bit‚ heat/swirl. Not dissolved? Add more!) NOTE: IF YOU USE TOO MUCH SOLVENT‚ YOU WILL GET NO CRYSTALS! 3) ONLY IF NEEDED: Decolorize • most pure compounds
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Common Aspects of Acid Prehydrolysis and Steam Explosion for Pretreating Wood Hans E. Grethlein Michigan Biotechnology Institute‚ PO Box 27609‚ Lansing‚ Michigan 48909‚ USA & Alvin O. Converse Thayer School of Engineering‚ Dartmouth College‚ Hanover‚ New Hampshire 03755‚ USA Abstract The initial rate of hydrolysis using cellulase from Trichoderma reesei for various wood samples is directly proportional to the surface area available to the enzyme. Both dilute acid hydrolysis in a continuous
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The Chemistry of Lipids Experiment #8 Objective To observe the solubility of lipids in polar and nonpolar solvents and to compare saturated and unsaturated fats in their chemical reaction with bromine. The percent fat in a food will be determined by extraction of the fat and weighing it. Introduction Lipids‚ by definition‚ are natural substances that do not mix with water but dissolve in organic solvents. There are several classes of lipids‚ including: fatty acids‚ waxes‚ triacylglycerols
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10 December 2014 Youth in Sculpture Marble sculpture resurfaced as one of the primary forms of media in Greek art around the middle of the seventh century B.C.E.. The advent of monumental sculpture was a huge development. “The Marble Statue of a Kouros (Youth)” or “The Metropolitan Kouros” towers with immense strength at six feet four inches. This Greek kouros‚ a term given to free standing sculpture representing the male youth‚ is one of the earliest marble statues of a human figure created in
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