room temperature‚ while the reaction of primary alcohols with hydrogen halides takes a longer time and should be at a high temperature. Tertiary alcohols can be converted to their corresponding alkyl chlorides by the addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid to the alcohol. In this experiment‚ concentrated HCl is added to tert-butyl alcohol to produce tert-butyl chloride via SN1 reaction.
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that we generated with the unheated glass rod? The tracing shows the action potential peaking slightly higher than the peak generated by the unheated rod. 5. What did you observe when you added sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid solutions to the nerve? Dropping hydrochloric acid on the nerve generates an action potential‚ through a chemical stimulus. 6. Summarize your experimental results: What kinds of stimuli can elicit an action potential? Electrical‚ mechanical‚ thermal‚ and chemical
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September 24‚ 2013 Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to test the reactions of primary‚ secondary‚ and tertiary alcohols with acid and with an oxidizing agent. Materials: chemical safety goggles dropper bottles including: butan-1-ol butan-2-ol 2-methylpropan-2-ol potassium permanganate solution‚ KMnO₄(aq) (0.01 mol/L) concentrated hydrochloric acid‚ HCl(aq) (12 mol/L) eyedropper lab apron protective gloves test tube rack Procedure: 1) Appropriate safety apparel including
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substances containing loosely held ions which are to be exchanged with other ions in solutions which come in contact with them. These exchanges take place without any physical alterations to be the ion exchange material. Ion exchangers are insoluble acids or bases which have salts which are insoluble‚ and this enables them to exchange either positively charged ions (cations exchanges) r negatively charged one (anion exchangers). Many natural substances such as proteins‚ cellulose‚ living cells and soil
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Discussion: First of all‚ rinse all the apparatus that being used in the experiment with hydrochloric acid (HCL) then followed with distilled water (H₂O). Then‚ prepared the saturated calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂) solution into a filter funnel and filter paper over a second conical flask. Pour 100.00mL of saturated Ca (OH)₂ solution into a beaker and pour the solution through the filter paper by flowing the solution through a glass rod. After that‚ use a thermometer to measure the temperature of
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ASynthesis of an alkyl halide Jade A. Chuahiong and Marika Bianca F. Morioka Institute of Chemistry‚ University of the Philippines‚ Diliman‚ Quezon City 1101 Philippines Date Performed: April 25‚ 2013; Date Submitted: April 30‚ 2013 Alkyl halides could be synthesized through several processes and using different compounds as reactants. One of the simplest method used is the addition of a hydrogen halide to an alcohol. In this research‚ tert-butyl alcohol was reacted with cold concentrated
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Introduction. The following is an experiment into temperature change in an exothermic reaction taking place between Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and also how the concentration of the acid will vary these results. The characteristics of the reaction feature a neutralisation‚ an energy change (shown as a temperature change) that is usually exothermic (gives out heat). The reaction of neutralisation is exothermic because of the bonds being broken and made in the reaction. When
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Abstract: An synthetic azo dye was created by reaction of diazonium salt with N‚N-Dimethylanaline. The final product created was 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-4-sulfonic acid‚ an orange clay-like substance. Sulfanilic acid was chemically manipulated by using sodium carbonate followed by cooled sodium nitrate and hydrochloric acid to form the diazonium salt used in the reaction. The products were washed in ethanol. The product was obtained at an 84% yield and was characterized by its physical attributes
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items as acids and bases 4. Collect organise and analyse results in tables and graphs (if necessary) 5. Analyse results and explain the reason the substances have the pH obtained. Aim – To use a universal indicator to measure the pH of various household substances and to identify acidic‚ basic and neutral substance. Hypothesis: I hypothesise that food substances such as coke and vinegar will be acidic‚ whilst cleaning products such as detergent and diluted hydroxide acid will be basic
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Yuri Anthony D. Sucgang BMLS-IA Electrophoresis Machine Gel Electrophoresis Apparatus(Aragose Gel) Electrophoresis is the motion of dispersed particles relative to a fluid under the influence of a spatially uniform electric field. Gel electrophoresis is a laboratory procedure used to separate biological molecules with an electrical current. In this lesson‚ we’ll review how agarose gel electrophoresis works and introduce the equipment necessary to perform an electrophoresis experiment.
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