acidification is the build up of hydrogen ions(H+)‚ reducing the pH‚ therefore the soil becomes too acidic. The donor can be an acid‚ such as nitric acid and sulfuric acid.The addition of the acids can be due to acid rain and pollution. Many nitrogen compounds‚ which are added as fertilizer‚ also acidify soil over the long term because they produce nitrous and nitric acid when oxidized in the process of nitrification. Acidification also occurs when base cations such as calcium‚ magnesium‚ potassium
Premium Sulfuric acid Oxygen Carbon dioxide
lab‚ caproic acid was synthesized in a multi-step process that involved the synthesis of three intermediates – diethyl n-butylmalonate‚ potassium n-butylmalonate‚ and n-butyl malonic acid respectively. An IR was used to characterize the starting material‚ n-bromobutane‚ and the first intermediate‚ diethyl n-butylmalonate; while IR and NMR were used to characterize the final product‚ caproic acid. Reactions‚ Mechanism and Theory Caproic acid a.k.a n-hexanoic acid is a carboxylic acid derived from
Premium Distillation Carboxylic acid Alcohol
LAB REPORT 5 – ACID/BASE CHEMISTRY No credit will be given for this lab report if the Data section is not completely filled out and if the required photographs are not received. At least one photograph must show the student’s face. NOTE: This experiment is rather lengthy. Plan accordingly. OBJECTIVES 1. Define strong electrolyte‚ weak electrolyte‚ nonelectrolyte‚ acid‚ base‚ salt‚ strong acid‚ weak acid‚ strong base‚ weak base‚ and neutralization reaction. 2. Compare and contrast the chemical
Premium Acid PH Acetic acid
Introduction Extraction is a purification technique used in organic chemistry to separate compounds from a mixture of two or more compounds. There are three different extraction techniques: liquid-liquid extraction‚ solid-liquid extraction and chemically active extraction. All three types of extraction follow the same principle. Organic molecules dissolve in organic solvents and polar molecules dissolve in aqueous solvents. This phenomenon is observed because of the intermolecular forces between
Premium Solubility Solvent Chemistry
PART I PHYSICS & CHEMISTRY EXAMPLE FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF QUESTIONS Instruction: The Question cum answer booklet contains 39 questions including sub question of match the following and main questions. 1. Due to heavy traffic near the school the department of traffic police wants to install automatic traffic lights. This am be done by using the Principle of a) Raman effect b) Radiography c) Holography d) Photoelectric effect 2. Water is to be sterilized for drinking purpose without using any chemicals
Premium Sodium chloride Question Hydrochloric acid
Essay March 28‚ 2014 ACID RAIN ENVIRONMENAL EFFECTS What is acid rain? It’s a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic‚ meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It can have harmful effects on plants‚ aquatic animals and infrastructure. Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide‚ which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids. The most obvious environmental effect of acid rain has been the loss
Premium Oxygen Carbon dioxide Acid rain
benzoic acid mixture was measured to be 2.075 grams. Following being dried for a week the mass of benzocaine was recorded to be 0.250 grams‚ and benzoic acid was recorded to be 0.600 grams. The melting point range of benzocaine was measured to be 89.5°C-91.5°C‚ while benzoic acid’s melting point range was measured to be 129°C-131.3°C. The percent mass recovered was calculated to be 40.96% for the experiment. Table 1 illustrates the collected information. Starting Mass of Benzocaine/Benzoic Acid: 2.075
Premium Chemistry Oxygen Solvent
Thermochemistry Heat of precipitation - precipitate is unsoluble salt - precipitate must be prepared through double bond decomposition or precipitation method Do you still remember what is meant by double bond decomposition? [please refer to salts notes] General equation double bond decomposition/precipitation; Ionic equation for precipitation reaction. Salt Solubility in water Li+‚ Na+‚ K+‚ NH4+ All salt dissolve in water Nitrate‚ NO3- All nitrate salt
Premium Sodium chloride Solubility Chlorine
Kristina Todorovic Chemistry 203 DEN Dr. Mohamed El-Maazawi Part A. Acid-Base Indicators Purpose In this part of the experiment‚ we will find a reagent that will shift the acid-base equilibrium reaction described by Equation (2) in one direction and then a second reagent that will cause the equilibrium position to shift back in the opposite direction. Introduction An acid–base indicator is a substance that changes color as the pH of a solution changes. Consistent
Premium Chemical equilibrium Solubility PH
TITLE: Water Based Drilling Fluid Analysis EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Analysis of drilling fluids is essential to their performance. In this laboratory exercise the aim is to test three drilling fluid samples for; density and rheological properties‚ Fluid loss‚ chemical analysis i.e. testing pH‚ alkalinity‚ testing for chloride ions‚ calcium carbonate‚ calcium‚ bentonite; also determining the amount of solids present in the samples as well as volumes of oil‚ water and solids contained in the sample‚ and
Premium Sodium chloride Chlorine Calcium carbonate