NIGERIA MARCH 4-14 2008 THE BOND MARKET IN GHANA-CHALLENGES FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT A. Introduction A bond has been defined as a debt (loan) instrument which requires the issuer to repay the investor the amount borrowed with interest over a predetermined period of time. Bonds can be callable‚ redeemable‚ convertible‚ extendable or retractable. They may have warrants attached to them as a sweetner. They may also be income generating or have zero coupons. Bond investors are exposed to some
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Finance journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jbf The impact of bond rating changes on corporate bond prices: New evidence from the over-the-counter market Anthony D. May * Price College of Business‚ University of Oklahoma‚ 307 West Brooks‚ Norman‚ OK 73019‚ USA a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t I study the information content of bond ratings changes using daily corporate bond data from TRACE. Abnormal bond returns over a two-day event window that includes the downgrade (upgrade)
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annual interest income from the TIPS bond? From the Treasury note? b. How much interest will Judy receive over the five years from the Treasury note? From the TIPS? c. When each bond matures‚ what par value will Judy receive from the Treasury note? The TIPS? d. After five years‚ what is Judy’s total income (interest + par) from each bond? Should she use this total as a way of deciding which bond to purchase? P4 4. Assume a $1‚000 face value bond has a coupon rate of 8.5 percent‚ pays
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MORTGAGE BACKED BOND (MBB) WHAT IS IT MBBs are the third asset securitization vehicles. They differ from pass-thru and CMOs in 2 key dimensions: 1. Pass thru’ and CMOs remove mortgages from bank’s balance sheets as forms of offbalance sheet securitization. 1. MBBs normally remain on the balance sheet 2. Pass thru’ and CMOs have a direct link between the cash flows on the underlying mortgages and the cash flows on the bond vehicles 2. For MBBs‚ there is no direct link between the cash flow on
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chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electromagnetic force attraction between opposite charges‚ either between electrons and nuclei‚ or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such as covalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds" such as dipole-dipole interactions‚ the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding.
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Discuss why hydrogen bonding is essential for life Throughout biochemistry there are many bonds without which life as it is on earth today would not be possible. One of the most important bonds of these is the hydrogen bond‚ a weak chemical bond that is present in essential biological molecules such as water and polypeptides. A hydrogen bond is defined by Campbell and Reece as occurring when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to an electronegative atom but attracted to another electronegative
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2.5.1. Processing Steps of Hydrogen Production from LPG Conventional process for producing hydrogen from light hydrocarbons involves the following process steps: • Feed preparation • Sulfur removal • Steam reforming • CO shift conversion • Autothermal reforming • Process gas cooling • Synthesis gas purification (PSA pressure swing absorption) [5] 2.5.1.1. Sulfur Removal LPG feed first passes through an ambient temperature sulfur adsorption vessel
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CHAPTER 4 BONDS ANND THEIR VALUATION Bond value--semiannual payment 1. You intend to purchase a 10-year‚ $1‚000 face value bond that pays interest of $60 every 6 months. If your nominal annual required rate of return is 10 percent with semiannual compounding‚ how much should you be willing to pay for this bond? N = 20 I/Y = 5 PV = -1124.62 PMT = 60 FV = 1000 Bond value--semiannual payment 2. Assume that you wish to purchase a 20-year bond that has a maturity value of $1‚000 and makes semiannual
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Convertible Bonds A convertible bond is a bond that can be converted into shares of common stock. Therefore‚ these are two sources of value for this security: the value of the bond components‚ and the value from possibly converting the security into shares of common stock. Features of a Convertible Bond The basic features of a convertible bond can be illustrated by a hypothetical example. On November 1‚ 2003 ("today")‚ Apple‚ had $400 million in 8.80 percent (annual payments) convertible bonds due in
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PIMCO analysis of bond markets This analysis gives investors thorough information about bond markets and provides an overview risks faced by bondholders. Purchasing a bond means you are lending money to a government‚ whereby the issuer provides a bond in which promises to a specified interest rate during the bond’s life. The capital value will be repaid at the time of investment when a bond reaches maturity. Therefore‚ it is suitable for those investors who seek a predictable income with
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