bonds‚ nonpolar polar covalent bonds‚ polar covalent bonds‚ hydrogen bonds‚ and ionic bonds‚ noting their relative strengths and how and where they form. 2.9 Explain the significance of chemical reactions. Identify the reactants and products of photosynthesis. Water’s Life-Supporting Properties 2.10–2.13 Describe the special properties of water that make it vital to living systems. Explain how these properties are related to hydrogen bonding. 2.10 Define and distinguish between cohesion‚
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simplest example of an atom with different isotopes is hydrogen. The three isotopes of hydrogen are shown here: The increasing number of neutrons in the nucleus of the hydrogen atom adds mass to the atom and thus each isotope of a given element has a different mass. Isotopes can be represented as follows: For the isotopes of hydrogen‚ 1H (or hydrogen-1)‚ 2H (or hydrogen-2) and 3H (or hydrogen-3) represent protium (usually just referred to as hydrogen)‚ deuterium and tritium‚ respectively. Most of
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IGSCE Chemistry Notes Oxides Oxides are used to determine whether an element is a metal or a non-metal. Most non-metals are classed as acidic oxides. While most metals are classed as basicoxides. Acidic Oxides * Reacts with water to form acids * Neutralises alkaline solution to form salt + water Basic Oxides * Neutralises acidic solutions to form salt + water Amphoeteric Oxides * These are non-metals which display both acidic and basic properties Alkaline Oxides * Reacts
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Bonds is something that retains and holds on together with one another. There are three major chemical bonds and they are‚ Ionic‚ Covalent‚ and Hydrogen bonds. An example of a covalent bond would be SCl^2 which is Sulfur dichloride. SCl^2 is a covalent bond because since they are close to each other in valence electrons‚ they have almost full outer shells so they share electrons with one another. A good example is table salt NaCl‚ because they are on opposite sides of the periodic table therefore
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protons. it shares hydrogen atoms. it gains or loses neutrons. Question 7 of 20 The symbol 3CO2 represents one atom of oxygen and three atoms of carbon. three atoms of carbon and one molecule of oxygen. three molecules of carbon dioxide. one atom of carbon and three atoms of oxygen. Question 8 of 20 In water‚ hydrogen bonding occurs between the hydrogen and an oxygen atom in the same molecule. an oxygen atom in a different molecule. a hydrogen atom in a different
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polarity of water molecules results in hydrogen bonding. A hydrogen bond forms when the oxygen of one water molecule is electrically attracted to the hydrogen of a close molecule. Hydrogen bonding between water molecules is the basis for water’s unusual properties. Organisms depend on the cohesion of water molecules. Hydrogen bonding makes water molecules stick to each other‚ and this cohesion helps pull water upward in the microscopic vessels of plants. Hydrogen bonding is also responsible for water’s
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moles of carbon dioxide are produced when 10.0 moles of propane are burned in excess oxygen on a gas grill? C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O 4. mole-mass problem: Water decomposes to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. How many grams of water would be required to produce 10.0 moles of hydrogen gas? 2H2O → 2H2 + O2 MMH2O = 18.015 g/mol 5. mass-mole problem: If 25.0 grams of carbon dioxide are used in photosynthesis how many moles of glucose (C6H12O6) could be Produced according
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naturally occurring elements‚ only 17 of them make up 99.5% of the earth’s crust (including oceans and atmosphere). - In living things (plants‚ animals‚ people) the six most abundant elements are carbon‚ hydrogen‚ oxygen‚ nitrogen‚ phosphorus and sulfur. - The universe is dominated by the elements hydrogen (83%) and helium (16%) 1. The Crust The outside of the earth is a thin crust which is approximately 20 to 40km thick. The crust is a formation of dips and hollows which are filled with water
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to which electrons are shared between two atoms. 3. Which of the following statements best sums up the number of covalent bonds that can be formed by the four most common atoms in living things? 4. Which linking verb phrase would best connect the hydrogen bonds term in the map to one of the other terms? 5. Which of the following statements most accurately describes the relative positions of the shared electrons in methane (CH4) and ammonia (NH3)? 6. About twenty-five of the ninety-two natural elements
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Oakland Schools Chemistry Resource Unit Intermolecular Forces Brook R. Kirouac David A. Consiglio‚ Jr. Southfield‐Lathrup High School Southfield Public Schools Bonding: Intermolecular Forces Content Statements: C2.2: Chemical Potential Energy Potential energy is stored whenever work must be done to change the distance between two objects. The attraction between the two objects may be gravitational‚ electrostatic‚ magnetic‚ or strong force. Chemical potential energy is the result
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