enzymes lower the activation energy for specific reactions and shapes. Activation energy is required to start a chemical reaction. This occurs when energy is added to reactants. Amino acid chains are made up by their unique folds which results in formation. Since enzymes are proteins‚ each one consists of its own amino acid in a specific order. Since hydrogen bonds are weak‚ they form between amino
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Title: Enzyme Catalysis of Hydrogen Peroxide by Catalase Problem and Objectives: How do different temperatures and different levels of pH affect the reaction rate of the enzymes in chicken liver? Demonstrate the activity of an enzyme in living tissue‚ observe the effects of changes in temperature and pH on the activity of an enzyme‚ perform analyses for the presence of an enzyme in tissues‚ and analyzing relationships between environmental conditions and enzyme activity. Background: Cells produce
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acetylsalicylic acid by esterification. Introduction: A pleasant‚ often fruity‚ odor is characteristic of some of the simpler esters. Ethyl butyrate smells similar to pineapples‚ the odor of n-propyl acetate is reminiscent of pears and isopentyl acetate has a strong banana fragrance. Esters are derivatives of the carboxylic acids and contain the following functional group: The synthesis of an ester can be accomplished in one of several ways. An esterification occurs when an alcohol and a carboxylic acid are
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CHEMISTRY LAB REPORTS How to Write a Lab Report Lab Reports gives the explanation of the experiment done Lab reports are an essential part of all laboratory courses and usually a significant part of your grade. If your instructor gives you an outline for how to write a lab report‚ use that. Here ’s a format for a lab report you can use if you aren ’t sure what to write or need an explanation of what to include in the different parts of the report. A lab report is how you explain what you did
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This purpose of the lab was to observe and compare the reactivity of the elements within groups and the reactivity of the groups themselves. The elements of each group were reacted with fire‚ acid (HCl or HNO3)‚ or in deionized water. According to the observations‚ the most reactive group was the alkali metals. Since the alkali metals are in group 1‚ they only have one valence electron and can easily lose this electron. As you move towards the right of the periodic table‚ the number of electrons
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Yeast Lab Report Guidelines 1. Lab reports are to be computer-generated and double-spaced. All sections of the report must be written in paragraph form. 2. Do not use encyclopedias (Internet or otherwise)‚ dictionaries ((Internet or otherwise)‚ or personal web pages as sources for the report‚ this includes Wikipedia. You may use a textbook‚ lab manual‚ and/or article(s) in a published journal. You can find journal articles by going to the library website: http://www.lib.clemson.edu/ and selecting
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Percent Acetic Acid in Vinegar Introduction: Acetic acid is reactive when combined with calcium carbonate. In this lab‚ we will use vinegar for its acetic acid and egg shells for their calcium carbonate. Marketable vinegar differs in its acetic acid concentration from 4-6%. Calcium carbonate reacts with the acetic acid in vinegar to produce carbon dioxide‚ water‚ and calcium acetate as represented by the equation: CaCO3 + 2HC2H3O2 CO2 + H2O + Ca(C2H3O2)2. The calcium carbonate reacts with
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optimize the ethylene production at developmental transitions as well as during stress response. Ethylene is derived from the amino acid methionine‚ which in the first step is converted to S-adenosyl-methionine (AdoMet) by AdoMet synthetase3‚4. The 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic acid Synthase (ACS) catalyzes the conversion of AdoMet to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)5‚ which is the rate-limiting step in ethylene biosynthesis. ACC is then converted to ethylene by ACC oxidase (ACO)‚ a member
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Introduction Human cilia play a critical part in human processes. Human cilia are hair-like projections that extend from the surface of a cell. Cilia are capable of rhythmic motion and acts together from separate strands so that the cell is capable of movement. Flagella are a whip-like structure that is found in cells as well that allow for the movement of the cell. Human cilia are characterized as having “metachronal rhythm" and this means is a rhythm that "changes time" to produce wave. The beating
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main purpose of this lab was to synthesize four soaps and two detergents and determine which one would be the best for an environmental group to use in the event of an oil spill.1 To complete this task‚ five subgoals had to be achieved first. To find the solubility of the fats‚ oils‚ soaps‚ and detergents‚ each of them were placed into different solvents to see if they dissolved. None of the oils and fats were soluble in water (H2O)‚ sodium hydroxide (NaOH)‚ or hydrochloric acid (HCl)‚ but they were
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