Experiment No. 7 HYDROLYSIS AND ANALYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES Methodology Materials: |1% solutions: | conc. H2SO4 | |glucose‚ fructose‚ maltose‚ sucrose‚ lactose‚ |Molisch reagent | |agar-agar‚ gum arabic‚glycogen‚ cotton‚ |I2 in KI solution (Lugol’s
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present on bones that are millions of years old. 3) Hydrolysis - Water used to breakdown molecules. Hydro means water and lysis means to breakdown. An example of hydrolysis in action within our bodies is how our body breaks down protein into amino acids. Water is used to break protein down in to its amino acids. Condensation- Condensation is when two molecules combine and form one bigger molecule. It is exact opposite process of hydrolysis. It is also called dehydration synthesis because water
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(Prac 1)‚ but this time you will use the enzyme Alkali Phosphatase. These enzymes have different primary (and hence tertiary) structures‚ pH optima and cofactors‚ so are more unlike than alike. However‚ Alkali Phosphatase can also catalyse the hydrolysis of the artificial substrate PNPP to PNP + P i‚ so PNPP will again be the substrate in this prac. The inhibitor you will test will be the yellow-coloured product PNP – so this is an experiment to investigate product inhibition. What do you think
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A carbohydrate is an organic compound that consists only of carbon‚ hydrogen‚ and oxygen‚ usually with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water); in other words‚ with the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n. The carbohydrates (saccharides) are divided into four chemical groupings: monosaccharides‚ disaccharides‚ oligosaccharides‚ and polysaccharides. In general‚ the monosaccharides and disaccharides‚ which are smaller (lower molecular weight) carbohydrates‚ are commonly referred to as sugars.
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GOS reaches the colon in an intact form as it resists hydrolysis by salivary and intestinal digestive enzymes where it accelerates the suppression of harmful bacteria and promotes the healthy bacteria in the gut‚ both directly by the bacteria themselves and indirectly by the organic acids they produce via fermentation
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that is involved in the short-term storage and easy release of energy. This bond is unstable‚ and so easily broken‚ giving adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate (Pi). Hydrolysis of this bond releases the chemical energy stored by ATP so that it can be used by the cell. The products of this hydrolysis can be used to create another molecule of ATP. ATP has several advantages over the other sources of energy in a cell‚ such as starch and glucose‚ for several reasons. It is necessary
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reaction and oxygen requirements‚ the following tests were performed to reach my presumptive ID: Test Performed Result Gram Stain + Fluid Thioglycollate Strict aerobe Catalase + Nitrate Reduction + Growth 5% NaCl - Growth 7.5% NaCl + Gelatin Hydrolysis - Glucose Fermentation + My organism appeared to consist of gram-positive cocci‚ making it a member of Group 17 in Bergy’s
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must be supplied to initiate the reaction; in other word an energy barrier exists between the reactants and the products. The “energy barrier” represents the activation energy of a chemical reaction. In this practical the activation energy of hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate will be determined in the presence of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase. REAGENTS * A suitably diluted solution of alkaline phosphatase * 10 nM p-nitrophenyl phosphatase * 150 μM p-nitrophenyl phosphate
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Experiment 3: Soil pH measurement Introduction Aims The aims of the experiment were to determine the pH of a variety of soils which included sedentary‚ 3:2‚ sand‚ organic matter with the means of a pH meter at various soil water ratios and with or without calcium chloride. Method and Materials Samples of sedentary soil‚ 3:2 soil‚ sand‚ organic matter and compost‚ 100ml vials(x12)‚ bottle of distilled water‚ analytical balance‚ pH meter‚ 2 buffer solution of known pH‚ 0.25M calcium
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for the FDA‚ I would congratulate the food manufacturer on his fat-free cake mix. Before congratulating him‚ I would state my findings and what these findings mean. Although the hydrolysis of the cake mix displays that it is rich in energy‚ primarily sugar and protein‚ there are no traces of fat. Given from the hydrolysis‚ that most of the hydrocarbon chains having a carboxyl group at one end indicates to me that these chains are mostly protein. The rest of the hydrocarbon chains that do not contain
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