cultured with fermentative microbes and only top few mm will turns yellow when cultured with oxidative microbes. B) Starch hydrolysis Not every microbe can produce amylase to hydrolyze starch. This session is to test the ability of microbes for the activity of starch hydrolysis. The presence of blue color upon the adding of iodine indicates that starch is not hydrolyzed. C) Gelatin Hydrolysis Gelatin is the convenient substrate to test for proteolytic enzymes in microorganisms. This session will be testing
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It is a very good mechanism for transport since they are highly cohesive 5. Important reagents for chemical reactions ( such as hydrolysis and photosynthesis ) ------------------------------------------------- Carbohydrates Separated into 3 types which are monosaccharides‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides Monosaccharides * they are three main types of monosaccharides which
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more. Hydrolysis is a process that breaks down chains of polymers into monomers. In this experiment‚ we Benedict’s reagent was used both before and after hydrolysis‚ to identify reducing sugars‚ which includes both monosaccharaides and disaccharides. Benedict’s reagent changes color in the presence of reducing sugars as well as heat. Low concentrations of sugar yield a yellow to orange color while higher concentrations will be red to brown. Lugol’s solution was used before and after hydrolysis to
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active site is ready and waiting for another molecule of substrate. Amylase is an enzyme in human saliva and in other organisms and its substrate is starch. When the active site of amylase binds with the starch‚ hydrolysis takes place. When the hydrolysis (the breaking of a chemical bond with the insertion of the ions of a water molecule) of starch is complete you are left with a disaccharide called maltose. Enzymes are necessary for metabolic reactions‚ the question I pose is this--do variances
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of the following: Tube 1 = 3 ml starch + water + 37 degrees water bath; Tube 2 = 3 ml starch + saliva in water bath; Tube 3 = 3 ml starch (cooled) + 3 ml saliva (cooled) in ice bath; Tube 4 = 3 ml starch + 3 ml saliva 5 drops conc. HCL in water bath. An incubation period of 1 hour was followed and each was tested for starch and maltose. A similar procedure was repeated with pepsin‚ with the test tubes prepared as follows: Tube 1 = 5 ml pepsin 5% soln + 5 ml HCL (0.5)%; Tube 2 = 5 ml pepsin (5%
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SUMMARY OF ORGANIC REACTIONS SECTION 1 - ALIPHATIC Aldehydes and ketones |Type of reaction |Mechanism | |1. oxidation (aldehydes only): aldehyde ( carboxylic acid |n/a | | | | |reagents: potassium
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PHARMACOGNOSY REVIEWER In pharmacognosy‚ drugs may be classified based on morphology‚ chemical constituents and therapeutic applications (NOT price in the market) Factors that influence secondary constituent: heredity‚ ontogeny‚ environment Chromatography: process based on distribution of mixture between 2 phases General Information Discoverers/Scientists Joseph Caventou & Pelletier Quinine antimalarial Pierre Robiquet Codeine/Narcotine Philip Geiger & Rudolf Brandes Hyoscyamine and
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3). Citric acid promoted the collapse of starch granules; however‚ adding excessive citric acid led to the hydrolysis of glucose chains. No decrease in the viscoelasticity was observed for cornstarch pastes by adding acid at 25 °C after gelatinization. KEYWORDS: Cornstarch; viscoelasticity; citric acid; pH INTRODUCTION Starch has been widely used as a thickener‚ stabilizer‚ or gelling ingredient in the food industry. The main constituents of starch are amylose and amylopectin‚ which consist
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Introduction: According to chemists‚ hydrolysis is defined as the breaking of a compound involving a reaction with a water molecule. The goal of this experiment is to three-dimensionally show how disaccharides are transformed into monosaccharides using an acid-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction. For the purpose of this lab‚ it is quite useful to fully understand the following terms: optical rotation and carbohydrate. Optical rotation is measured by a polarimeter‚ which measures the polarization of light
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Manufacturing plasma proteins • Manufacturing plasma lipid cholesterol • Storing vitamins and iron • Forming red blood cells in embryos • Destroying old red blood cells • Excreting bile pigments and salt Small intestine • The primary site of hydrolysis of food and absorption of nutrients Large intestine • Collects the waste from the small intestine and reabsorbs water Caecum • Analogous to the human appendix • In herbivores it contains microorganisms capable of digesting cellulose
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