of the Reaction A. NaHCO3 + HCl 1A Bubbles appeared for 5 seconds. Now clear in color‚ no bubbles B. HCl + BTB 2A Turned from clear to yellow C. NH3 + BTB 3A Turned from clear to dark blue D. HCl + blue dye 4A Turned from clear to green E. Blue dye + NaOCl 5A Turned from blue to light blue with the 1 drop of HCl 6A Turned from blue->light blue->yellow->light yellow->clear‚ transparent F. NaOCl + KI 7A Turned from clear to Light yellow with 1 drop of starch 8A Then turned to dark brown
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way to help recognize those specifics and identify the unknown cultures. The differential tests used to identify the unknown cultures were oxidase‚ catalase‚ lactose and sucrose fermentation‚ Kugler/iron agar‚ nitrate reduction‚ gelatin hydrolysis‚ starch hydrolysis‚ manitol salt‚ MR-VP‚ citrate‚ bile esculin‚ indole‚ urease‚ DNase‚ and coagulase. Material & Methods The tests performed on the unknown bacteria cultures were all used to determine the identity of the bacteria. Each of the tests
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Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives Ma. Marielle M. Medura Prof. Emma Boncales Chem 23A (TTH 01:00-4:00 p.m) Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives I. Introduction Carboxylic acids is an organic compound that contains a carboxylic group(-COOH). Its general formula is R-C=OOH with R referring to the rest of the molecule such as H and C. They are directly attached to a carbonyl group and the interaction between them affects the reactions of each. The polarity of the O-H bond
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62 Iodine test for starch Amount of starch remaining Enzyme activity level Dark blue-black All None (0) Blue Most Low (1) Light brown Some Moderate (2) Gold None High (3) Part 1: Effect of Enzyme Concentration 1. Label five test tubes 1-5. Place 4 mL of 1 % starch in each of the first four test tubes. Place 4 mL of amylase solution in the fifth tube. Place all of the tubes in the 37°C water bath for 5 minutes. Obtain 5 clean droppers and label them 1-5. (To avoid contamination of these solutions
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Data Tables: Part 1: Chemicals Well No. Observations of the Reaction A. NaHCO3 + HCl A1 clear‚ bubbles B. HCl + BTB B1 yellow‚ clear C. NH3 + BTB C1 clear blue D. HCl + blue dye D1 green E. Blue dye + NaOCl E1 clear blue with the 1 drop of HCl green/blue F. NaOCl + KI A2 rusty-yellow with 1 drop of starch black G. KI + Pb(NO3)2 B2 yellow‚ not clear H. NaOH + phenolphthalein A3 purple‚ violet I. HCl + phenolphthalein A4 clear J. NaOH + AgNO3 D3 murkey‚ brown K. AgNO3 + NH3 A4 purple
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can be synthesized by means of adding alcohols to hydrogen halides (such as HCl‚ HI‚ or HBr) resulting in nucleophilic substitution (specifically the SN1 reaction.) The experiment was done with the goal of synthesizing an alkyl halide from alcohol and a hydrogen halide. In order to do this‚ tert-butyl alcohol was mixed with HCl to form crude tert-butyl chloride. Solid NaHCO3 and CaCl2 were used to prevent possible hydrolysis of the product. It was then purified through distillation. Results confirm
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provided pre-diluted chemicals. Utilizing the 96-well plate‚ 2 pipet drops of each chemical were added to the wells in the following combinations: a) NaHCO3+HCl b) HCl+Bromthymol blue c) NH3+1 drop Bromthymol blue d) HCl+blue dye e) Blue dye+NaOCl followed by HCl f) NaOCl+KI followed by various test foods g) KI+Pb(NO3)2 h) NaOH+phenolphthalein i) HCl + phenolphthalein j) NaOH+AgNO3 k) AgNO3+NH3 l) NH3+CuSO4. Along the way‚ observations were made pertaining to the reactions witnessed. This experiment concluded
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identify a bacterial species. Biochemical tests are used to differentiate different species of bacteria. These tests are effective in determining the characteristics of the microbe being tested. Such characteristics include citrate utilization‚ gelatin hydrolysis‚ nitrate reduction‚ etc. Biochemical testing is very important in the medical field when a patient is infected with an unknown microbe. Such testing can identify the microbe(s) and types of medications effective in treating the infection. It is
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BIOLOGY REVIEW UNIT 1 BIOCHEMISTRY 1) Describe the structure of an atom and compare this to the structure of an ion. * Atoms have protons and neutrons in their nucleus making them electrically neutral 2) Complete the following table Element Name | Boron | Oxygen | Beryllium | Sodium | Symbol | B | O | Be | Na | Atomic # | 5 | 8 | 4 | 11 | # of Protons | 5 | 8 | 4 | 11 | # Neutrons | 6 | 8 | 5 | 12 | Total # electrons | 5 | 8 | 4 | 11 | #Electrons in 1st Shell | 2 |
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Experiment 1 (without starch solution) : |
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