industry structure. It introduces both theoretical concepts and empirical applications‚ focusing particularly on U.S. industries. On completion of this course‚ students are expected to be familiar with the basic market structure models of monopoly‚ oligopoly‚ and monopolistic competition; use game theory to analyze strategies and outcomes of single-period and multi-period games; understand the rationale of government regulations and policies‚ firms responses to them‚ and the consequences; and understand
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(Regulation/Pre 1978 vs Deregulation/Post 1978) Oligopoly (Regulation) Perfect Competition (Deregulation) Concentration Few players Many players Entry & Exit Barriers Significant barriers No barriers Differentiation Potential for product differentiation Homogenous product Information Imperfect availability of information Perfect information flow Comparison of Airline Industry Structure (Regulation/Pre 1978 vs Deregulation/Post 1978) Oligopoly (Regulation) Concentration CAB was established
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firms would dominate the market‚ each of these firms has a significant market power and would closely follow the behaviour of the other companies in the market. Unlike in a monopolistic market structure‚ the products produced by the firms of the oligopoly market do have substitutes. Firms will use non price competition methods in order to make their product or service stand out from the other‚ these may include mass media advertising‚ loyalty cards‚ home delivery‚ expanded opening times (24hrs) internet
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company focuses on technological and competitor as external factors that influencing price setting on matcha collagen biscuits. 4.2.1 Competitor Competition factors can look into three areas which are monopoly competition‚ perfect competition and oligopoly competition. Monopolistic competition is a situation where a single company or group controls the entire output of the market for a given type of product or service with any buyers. Besides‚ a monopoly is protected from competition by high barriers
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there is just one firm in the industry‚ and hence no competition from within the industry. In the middle come monopolistic competition‚ which involves quite a lot of firms competing and where there is freedom for new firms to enter the industry‚ and oligopoly‚ which involves only a few firms and where entry of new firms is restricted. To distinguish more precisely between these four categories‚ the following must be considered: • How freely can firms enter the industry? Is entry free or restricted
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Four-Firm Concentration Ratio Definition of the Four- Firm Concentration Ratio This is one of the most common concentration ratios. The four-firm concentration ratio is commonly used to indicate the degree to which an industry is oligopolistic and the extent of market control held by the four largest firms in the industry. How would you describe an industry with 20 firms and the CR is 20% and its implications?
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GSK operates in an oligopolistic market. It is highly cash generative‚ with increased sales growth and shareholder returns. (Oligopoly) 3. Its main competitor is American pharmaceutical giant‚ Pfizer. Financially‚ GSK is not the best performer (with $108 bn compared to Pfizer’s $161 bn)‚ but it manages to differentiate itself‚ which is the key to success in an oligopoly‚ through a number of strategies which we will explore in this paper. (Pfizer) Vulnerability 1. Business vulnerability is
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Decision making is amongst the main functions of managers within the business world today; even more particularly during these times of economic crises. Decisions such as pricing strategies targeted to particular market models of monopoly‚ oligopoly‚ monopolistic competition‚ and perfect competition‚ may help maximize revenues and profits. Also making the right choice when investing in technology‚ research and development‚ and marketing tactics can deeply impact a business’ profits and ultimately
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03.11 Oligopoly FRQ 1 3/6 points earned a. 2 points; The student stated that the North will be better for Blue Mart‚ and he stated that Blue Mart earns $4‚000 locating North compared to the $1‚000 it earns South. b. 0 points; The student incorrectly claimed that moving South was a dominant market strategy‚ and he did not explain how Red Shop’s best strategy depends on Blue Mart’s move. c. 0 points; incorrectly stated that Red Shop would locate North and Blue Mart would locate South
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buying decisions with varied pricing structures and supply levels due to the nature of the market where such goods and services are being sold. There are generally four market structures‚ namely; perfect competition‚ monopolistic competition‚ oligopoly and monopoly. The latter three structures are also considered as imperfect competition. The type of market structure can be described by the number of sellers or firms‚ the nature of product‚ entry and exit barriers‚ and degree of control over
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