ANTICONVULSANTS 2010-2011 SEIZURE – uncontrollable physiologic response to abnormal electrical discharges in CNS EPILEPSY – seizure disorder – the seizure asso. w/ epilepsy results from abnormal electric discharges from cerebral neurons – char. by loss / disturbance of consciousness & usually by a convulsion ( abnormal motor reaction ) Factors affecting seizure occurrence: 1. level of basal seizure threshold 2. presence of foci - initiate abnormal stimuli a. inflammation b.
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inhibits the enzyme monoamine oxidase‚ resulting in accumulation of various neurotransmitters (dopamine‚ epinephrine‚ norepinephrine‚ and serotonin) in the body. -Therapeutic effects: improvement in mood for depressed patients -Contraindicated in: hypersensitivity‚ liver disease‚ severe renal disease‚ cardiovascular disease‚ uncontrolled hypertension‚ cerebrovascular disease‚ CHF‚ history of severe and frequent headaches‚ anesthesia‚ ANY other antidepressant use‚ narcotics‚ alcohol‚ anesthetics‚ diuretics
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Half-life: 2 hr (IV) (↑ in renal impairment); 11 hr (PO). TIME/ACTION PROFILE (blood levels) ROUTE ONSET PEAK DURATION IV unknown unknown 7–8 hr PO unknown 2.5 hr unknown Contraindication/Precautions Contraindicated in: • Hypersensitivity; • Thromboembolic disorders (current‚ history of‚ or at risk for); • Acquired defective color vision (IV); • Subarachnoid hemorrhage. Use Cautiously in: • Renal impairment (↑ dosing interval); • Hematuria originating in the upper urinary
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Intravenous Therapy‚ also known as IV therapy‚ is the administration of fluids or medications directly into the vein. It is one of the most common procedures that nurses encounter in a healthcare setting on a routinely basis. According to Ogston-Tuck (2012)‚ “…80 % of hospital patients are likely to receive some forms of IV therapy”(Ogston-Tuck‚ 2012). Therefore‚ it is exceptionally vital for nurses to be aware and knowledgeable of the indications‚ vascular access devices‚ potential complications
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diagnosed by pain and fatigue lasting for six months or longer with no identifiable cause and an absence of physiological marker (Hammond‚ 2002). MCS is often used to describe people with symptoms attributed to environmental factors and acute hypersensitivity to low levels of chemicals found in common substances (Glinton‚ 2005). MCS continues to remain somewhat of a mystery where no
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Alterations in Immunity Case Study 1. Explain the process of anaphylaxis. Could shellfish be the only cause for Mr. Smith’s reaction? Anaphylaxis occurs when a hypersensitivity reaction is extremely severe. It happens within minutes of the reexposure to the antigen. In this case it would be considered systemic anaphylaxis. Unless treated quickly it can result in death. Mr. Smith presented with anaphylaxis symptoms that occurred within minutes of exposure to the allergen and included abdominal
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Mitochondria are one of the most abundant organelles‚ which exercise various essential roles and function to all living things. Often time‚ this tremendous organelle is referred to as the powerhouse of the cell‚ due to their essential function in production of energy. The production of ATP‚ and regulation of intracellular calcium levels is also of great importance in the survival of neurons‚ which are cells in the brain‚ that make part of the Central Nervous System (CNS). Perpetual oxidative stress
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Did Andrea Yates have schizophrenia? On July 30‚ 2001‚ Andrea was indicted on two counts of capital murder for the deaths of Noah (seven)‚ John (five)‚ and Mary (six months)‚but not for the deaths of her other two children‚ Luke (three) and Paul (two). In this paper we will discuss Andrea Yates behaviors‚ treatments and court case where she was found not guilty by reason of insanity. After Andrea’s first pregnancy‚ in 1994‚ she started experiencing postpartum depression. She experienced hallucinations
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Robbins & Cotran Basis of Disease – 9th Edition Pg. 370-377 Mycobacteria Bacteria in the genus Mycobacterium are slender‚ aerobic rods that grow in straight or branching chains. Mycobacteria have a unique waxy cell wall composed of unusual glycolipids and lipids including mycolic acid‚ which makes them acid-fast‚ meaning they will retain stains even on treatment with a mixture of acid and alcohol. They are weakly gram positive. Tuberculosis Tuberculosis is a serious chronic pulmonary and systemic
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hypersensitive sites and are believed to inform specific sequences at which the binding of transcription factors and transcription-machinery proteins has caused nucleosome displacement. Other particular assays that are used are ChIP-sequencing‚ Hypersensitivity‚ RNA-sequencing‚ and DNA methylation. Lastly‚ this project has cataloged the sequences and quantities of RNA transcripts from protein and non-coding regions. The pilot phase concentrated on just 1% of the genome‚ which is rather small but
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