However‚ physiologic changes associated with aging‚ such as decreased hepatic metabolism and decreased renal function‚ decreases medication tolerance in older adults. Hyponatremia is seen in about 10% of elderly taking antidepressants‚ particularly with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (Weis‚ 2011). Furthermore‚ the increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier‚ as well as the decrease in cholinergic
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Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Nursing 220Abstract Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin‚ a hormone needed to allow glucose to enter cells to produce energy. This paper explores the aspects of the disease as it relates to the pathophysiology‚ clinical manifestations‚ diagnostic testing‚ collaborative care‚ and nursing care.Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 Diabetes‚ previously referred to as “juvenile diabetes” most often occurs in people under
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DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS INTRODUCTION Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a very serious complication of diabetes mellitus‚ a metabolic disorder that is characterized by hyperglycemia‚ metabolic acidosis‚ and increased body ketone concentrations. The most common causes of DKA are infection and poor compliance with medication regimens. Other causes include undiagnosed diabetes‚ alcohol abuse‚ and a multitude of medical conditions such as cerebrovascular accident (CVA)‚ complicated pregnancy‚ myocardial
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of being able to see objects up close but not ones far away. 3. David appears to have hyperopia‚ since he needs to hold a paper at arm’s length to be able to read. Issue #4: Muscle Physiology 1. The cause of the muscle cramping is hyponatremia or low blood sodium‚ which may have occurred by the young girl drinking a lot of water in the hot sun to try and stay hydrated‚ but which caused an electrolyte imbalance in her body‚ thus resulting in muscle cramps. 2. The muscle cramps will
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disturbances c. inappropriate affect b. poor impulse control d. confabulation 3. The nurse caring for the older adult patient who is taking a diuretic for control of hypertension should monitor the patient closely for signs of a. hypokalemia c. hyponatremia b. hypocalcemia d. hyperkalemia 4. The physician has written an order to
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Acute Kidney Injury (Paper #6) Tracy Gilbert ITT Earth city Acute Kidney Injury (Paper #6) “Acute kidney injury (AKI) describes the spectrum of acute-onset kidney failure that can occur with critical illness; it replaces the traditional term acute renal failure (ARF) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN).” (Urden‚ Stacy‚ & Lough‚ 2012‚ p. 400). “In renal failure‚ acute or chronic‚ one most commonly sees patients who have a tendency to develop hypervolemia‚ hyperkalemia‚ hyperphosphatemia‚ hypocalcemia
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serum hypoosmolality; Dilutional hyponatremia; Hypochloremia; Concentrated urine; retention‚low urine output ; Extracellular fluid volume expands; Gfr increases; Cramping; pain; weakness; thirst; dyspnea on exertion; muscle twitching; seizures; headache‚ weakness‚ confusion‚ and eventually coma. Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH; weight gain without peripheral edema; anorexia‚ fatigue‚ Nausea and vomiting and intestinal cramps; serum hypoosmolality ; Dilutional hyponatremia; Hypochloremia; Concentrated
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Refer to medication changes throughout the year in the following notes. Last QMR 6/8/16 increased Zyprexa from 15 mg to 20 mg oral daily at bedtime. If improve will taper Depakote secondary to low therapeutic‚ possible causing hyponatremia and neutropenia. Depakote was indeed decrease on 9/4/16 from 750 mg to 500 mg oral daily at bedtime. Psychotropic meds continue being adjusted as per patient’s response; the goal is to decrease poly-pharmacy as well as to find the optimal doses
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hypernatremic. Hypotonic solutions deliver free water to tissues. (Burton‚ M.‚ & Ludwig‚ L. J. (n.d.). Fundamentals of nursing care: Concepts‚ connections & skills.) A dangerous situation that could be very deadly would be when treating a patient with hyponatremia with hypertonic saline. In general isotonic saline is used instead and the rate of correction is closely controlled. Using hypertonic saline will usually cause too rapid a correction and as stated in the article “the
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neurohumoral activation (stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system‚ sympathoadrenergic stimulation)‚ and due to the complications of therapy with diuretics‚ cardiac glycosides or ACE inhibitors. Patients with heart failure may exhibit hyponatremia due to a decrease in water excretion‚ which may be related to the enhanced release of both
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