Endocrinology – Case study 1 A 37 year old female with a recent history of dizziness‚ shakiness and intolerance to heat and sees her GP. Her blood tests come back as normal apart from a thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) of <0.05 mU/l and free thyroxine (T4) of 30.1 pmol/l. Normal Ranges of TSH‚ T4‚ and T3 The results received from the patient blood tests indicate abnormal levels of these hormones. The reference ranges of these hormones are: TSH has a range of 0.4-4.5 mU/l‚ free T4 has a range of
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Biology Assignment 5 Question 1 The pancreas is a large gland‚ situated in the peritoneal cavity‚ in the curve of the duodenum. It is the pancreas that is responsible for aiding the body’s endocrine system. (Darlington College 2011). The pancreas releases two endocrine hormones and it is these hormones that ensure the blood glucose levels within the body are constantly controlled. These hormones are glucagon and insulin and they are secreted from tiny clusters of cells within the pancreas‚ know
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not) report: A feeling sad B feeling aggressive ->C finding other people more attractive D all of the above 3: Effects in judgment are caused by alcohol’s impact on which part of the brain: A nucleus accumbens ->B frontal lobes C hypothalamus D none of the above 4: How many standard drinks does it take before learning (the ability to take in new information) may be affected: ->A as few as one or two drinks B as few as two or three drinks C as few as three or four drinks
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In the female reproductive system‚ the menstrual cycle is a recurring cycle of physiologic changes that occurs in reproductive-age females. Overt menstruation occurs primarily in humans and close evolutionary relatives such as chimpanzees. The females of other species of placental mammal have estrous cycles‚ in which the endometrium is completely reabsorbed by the animal (covert menstruation) at the end of its reproductive cycle. The menstrual cycle is under the control of the hormone system and
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process‚ is responsible for initiating and controlling the physiological responses helping to keep Joel warm. His body temperature is being monitored by his hypothalamus which has triggered his sympathetic vasomotor center to initiate vasoconstriction of the dermal blood vessels in his extremities. The nervous system is also alerted by the hypothalamus to induce muscle contraction in order to generate internal heat and keep his core near normal temperatures. 4. Joel feels little blood flowing to his
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Hunger‚ Appetite and Satiety Eating behavior is a complex interplay between hunger‚ appetite and satiety. Understanding the factors that affect eating behavior is important for understanding what we eat and why. Need to Eat vs. Want to Eat Hunger is the physiological need for food. Numerous physiological cues tell us we are hungry‚ such as an empty or growling stomach‚ a decrease in blood glucose levels‚ and alterations in circulating hormones (e.g.‚ increased glucagon and ghrelin and decreased
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adrenal glands telling them to release the hormone adrenaline. Once released‚ adrenaline increases the amount of sugar in your blood‚ increases your heart rate and raises your blood pressure (and has many other actions). Your brain’s remarkable hypothalamus also sends signals to your pituitary gland at the bottom of your brain‚ telling it to release factors that within a few minutes have travelled through your blood stream and stimulated your adrenal cortex to produce a stress hormone –
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Homeostasis Homeostasis Is a technical term for the process of maintain a constant internal environment despite external changes. The internal environment‚ compromises; blood‚ tissue fluid‚ body cell contents and all the metabolic processes taking place. Constant in this instance is not absolute or fixed it is much more flexible and dynamic as it refers to the physical and chemical composition being kept within a limited range or variables for maximum efficiency‚ well-being of the whole body and
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Chapter 12 Study Guide: The nervous system develops from which embryonic tissue? Describe the development of the neural tube. What are the 3 primary brain vesicles? What are the secondary brain vesicles? What adult brain structure does each secondary vesicle become? What are ventricles and what is their function? What percentage of the adult brain is made up by the cerebral hemispheres? Describe the following terms: • Gyri • Sulci • Fissures • Longitudinal
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medulla. Cerebellum The "little brain" at the rear of the brainstem; functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance. Limbic System Doughnut-shaped neural system including the hippocampus‚ amygdala‚ and hypothalamus‚ located
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