Chapter 8.1 1. List the four biological levels of organization in a human in order from most simple to most complex. Cells‚ tissues‚ organs‚ organ systems 2. Define the term “homeostasis”. The tendency of the body to maintain a relatively constant internal environment. 3. What does the term “feedback system” refer to with respect to homeostasis? A cycle of events in which a variable‚ such as body temperature‚ is continually monitored‚ assessed‚ and adjusted. 4. List the three components
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build ups in the production of hormones like adrenalin and cortisol that yields an alteration of heart rate and metabolism to make better performance (Peters‚ M. 2006). Stress reaction is triggered when there is an activation of stressor in the hypothalamus. In this essay the stressor identified is the patient waiting to be seen in a clinic feeling stressed. When patient perceive that they are in frightening or uneasy situation and that they do not have the capacity to deal successfully‚ the neurons
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BASIC CONTROL MECHANISMS OF THERMOREGULATORY PROCESS IN LIVESTOCK SALAMI SAHEED AYODEJI Introduction Thermoregulation is the ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries‚ even when the surrounding temperature is very different (Wikipedia‚ 2012). Thermoregulation could also be referred to as the mechanisms and control systems used by the body to balance thermal inputs and thermal losses so as to maintain its core temperature nearly constant (Monique‚ 2002). This
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3‚4‚5‚9 are false 1. If you destroy a rat’s ventromedial hypothalamus it will overeat Student Response Value True 100% Score: 2/2 2. If you electrically stimulate a rat’s lateral hypothalamus it will overeat. Student Response Value True 100% Score: 2/2 3. Orexin is released from the adrenal gland and stimulates hunger. Student Response Value True 0% Score: 0/2 4. Sympathetic nervous system activity is different for every emotion. Student Response Value True 0%
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to an otherwise normal animal will cause which of the following? You correctly answered: d. goiter development 5. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is You correctly answered: a. secreted by the hypothalamus. 6. Which of the following statements is true? You correctly answered: b. The hypothalamus primarily secretes tropic hormones that stimulate the secretion of other hormones. Post-lab Quiz Results You scored 85% by answering 6 out of 7 questions correctly. 1. How would you treat a thyroidectomized
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regulate the level of calcium in human body through production of hormones. 4. The hypothalamus’ function is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via pituitary gland. The hypopthalamus is responsible for certain metabolic processes‚ including synthesizing secreting certain neurohormones‚ which are called hypothalamic-releasing hormones‚ which stimulate or inhibit secretion of pituitary hormones. The hypothalamus controls body temperature‚ hunger‚ thirst‚ fatigue‚ sleep and
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nonspecific stimulus (a "stressor"). This is converted into nervous signals that may be carried by any of many different neural pathways in the brain‚ but eventually it acts upon certain neuroendocrine cells in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. These cells transform the nervous signals into a humoral messenger‚ (corticotrophin releasing hormone‚ CRH)‚ which is secreted from nerve endings into portal blood vessels which carry it to the anterior pituitary gland. There‚ CRH stimulates the
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Oxytocin Oxytocin is a peptide hormone. It is produced by secreted from the posterior pituitary and synthesized in neurones paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus. The functions are contraction of uterine smooth muscle during labor. Contraction of myoepithelial cells around breast ducts and alveoli to stimulate milk flow and it is queried as to whether oxytocin release actually causes the onset of labor. Oxytocin primarily affects uterine smooth muscle - increasing both the
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defenses Exocrine glands Nonhormonal substances (sweat‚ saliva) Have ducts to carry secretion to membrane surface Endocrine glands Produce hormones Lack ducts Endocrine glands: pituitary‚ thyroid‚ parathyroid‚ adrenal‚ and pineal glands Hypothalamus is neuroendocrine organ Some have exocrine and endocrine functions Pancreas‚ gonads‚ placenta Other tissues and organs that produce hormones Adipose cells‚ thymus‚ and cells in walls of small intestine‚ stomach‚ kidneys‚ and heart Chemical
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anterior pituitary gland located at the base of the brain. They stimulate male and female gonads to produce hormones of their own. FSH and LH secretion is controlled by GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone)‚ which is a releasing hormone from the hypothalamus. The sex of an embryo is determined at fertilization‚ but secondary sex characteristics develop at puberty. Testosterone regulation is important because males need just enough to develop increased muscle and bone mass‚ growth of body hair‚ and
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