------------------------------------------------- Differences between preference shares and debentures * Preference Shareholders are effectively owners; debenture-holders are creditors. * Preference Shareholders may vote at AGMs and be elected as directors; debenture-holders may not vote at AGMs or be elected as directors. * Preference Shareholders receive profit in the form of dividends; debenture-holders receive a fixed rate of interest. * If there is no profit‚ the shareholder
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‘‘WITH THE REFERENCE TO THE UK AND A COUNTRY OF YOUR CHOICE‚ DISCUSS THE LIMITATIONS OF ‘GDP PER CAPITA’ AS A BASIS FOR COMPARING LIVING STANDARDS BETWEEN COUNTRIES AND OVER TIME’’ • INTRODUCTION From the late ‘40s a lot of countries started to develop very quickly‚ despite the wars. Every country realised its strong points of growing economically‚ and this was their resources. Some countries have more land‚ some countries have more water‚ some have more oil and some have more gold. Knowing
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for Issue of Bonus Shares: A Company may issue bonus shares without obtaining prior approval but only after a period of 12 months after a public/rights issue and after safeguarding the rights of fully convertible and partly convertible debentures falling due for conversion within 12 months from the date of bonus issue. A bonus issue should take into consideration the future earning potential of the company‚ to conserve liquid reserves and to utilise reserves for issuing shares to make paid-up capital
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revolution spread to other parts of the world from Europe‚ the global economy has grown. The happiness rating has also increased when compared to the past. However‚ there is still a prevalent debate among economists and social scientists about whether per capita GDP has a correlating relationship with happiness. In my opinion‚ there is no relationship the two variables based on the data I have acquired. Nations with low GDP have relatively high happiness index‚ GDP itself does not include other important
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GDP or Gross Domestic Product is defined as the total market value of all final good and service produced in a given year. It is a simple formula that adds together personal consumption expenditures‚ gross private domestic investment‚ government purchases‚ and Net Exports‚ otherwise expressed as GDP= C+ Ig+G+Xn. The Social Security number was never supposed to be a number for identification. Just the same‚ GDP is being used for a purpose other than what it was designed for. It was not to be an indicator
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1. INTRODUCTION As an old adage goes‚ “When the US gets a Cold‚ the rest of the World gets Pneumonia”‚ in the globally open economy. One reason for this might be that Stock Market depends on the overall health of the Economy‚ and real Economic variables which tend to display persistence. Therefore‚ an interesting question in finance is: what derives stock market volatility? Understanding the nature of stock market volatility gives some important implications for policy makers‚ economic
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market and saving rate on GDP growth. The result indicates that the lagged values of both stock index and saving rate don’t have influence on the current value of GDP. However‚ we find that the lagged value of stock index does have impact on saving rate. We conclude that one of the most important reason lead to this result should due to small sample size and data of saving rate still remains non-stationary under the condition of I(1). Key words: vector autoregressive‚ GDP‚ stationary‚ saving rate
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policy and automatic stabilisers to stabilise fluctuations in real GDP. What tools does the government have at its discretion to stabilise the economy? Suppose the government decides to decrease income taxes. Show in a diagram and explain how this policy will lead to an increase in real GDP. Explain how potential output may be affected. A discretionary fiscal policy refers to deliberate changes in the level of government spending‚ transfer payments or in tax rates in order to achieve macroeconomic
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GDP Imperfections – What Are They? o GDP per head ignores environmental degradation and other exhaustible resource consumption. Since it’s called as a ‘sustainable consumption’ measure‚ it’s incorrect because in any case‚ sustainable consumption per head is not the same as wellbeing. It is NOT wellbeing. o High GDP means high level of government expenditure or consumption which also initiate low level of saving. Low level of saving and/or high population growth condemn a country to a low
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of items impacts GDP The textbook defines Gross domestic product (GDP) as “The market value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a specific period” (Gwartney pg. 131). GDP is a tool to measure a country’s economic growth. The term re-sale is defined as “The act of selling something that you have bought” (Merriam-Webster). The resale of items are not included in the GDP because they do not involve current production‚ they were already counted in the GDP during the time
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